Outbreak of parainfluenza virus type 3 in an intermediate care neonatal nursery

Moisiuk, Sharon E.; Robson, Diane; Klass, Leslie; Kliewer, Gloria; Wasyliuk, Wendy; Davi, Maria; Plourde, Pierre

doi:10.1097/00006454-199801000-00011

Cited by 53 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…PIV is well described as a cause of severe and prolonged outbreaks of respiratory tract infections in hospital wards, neonatal nurseries, outpatient clinics, long-term care facilities, and other institutional settings. [40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Outbreaks of PIV after HCT have been reported in both the inpatient and outpatient settings, and early infection-control measures are crucial. 42,43 Even with good surveillance and isolation, prolonged outbreaks at our center and elsewhere suggest that symptom-based infection-control strategies that are successful for RSV or influenza may be less effective for the prevention of nosocomial PIV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory virus infection among hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: evidence for asymptomatic parainfluenza virus infection

Peck

Englund

Kuypers³

et al. 2007

Blood

205

217

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The incidence of respiratory virus infection after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has probably been underestimated with conventional testing methods in symptomatic patients. This prospective study assessed viral infection episodes by testing weekly respiratory samples collected from HCT recipients, with and without symptoms reported by questionnaire, for 100 days after HCT. Samples were tested by culture and direct fluorescent antibody testing for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), and influenza A and B, and by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction for RSV, PIV, influenza A and B, and metapneumovirus (MPV). Of 122 patients, 30 (25%) had 32 infection episodes caused by RSV (5), PIV (17), MPV (6), influenza (3), RSV, or influenza (1). PIV, with a cumulative incidence estimate of 17.9%, was the only virus for which asymptomatic infection was detected. Lower virus copy number in patients with no or one symptom compared with 2 or more symptoms was found for all viruses in all patients (P < .001), with PIV infection having a similar virus-specific comparison (P = .004). Subclinical infection with PIV may help explain why infection-control programs that emphasize symptoms are effective against RSV and influenza but often not against PIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory virus infection among hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: evidence for asymptomatic parainfluenza virus infection

Peck

Englund

Kuypers³

et al. 2007

Blood

205

217

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nosocomial transmission of type 3 has also been reported in neonatal units and homes for the elderly (19,126), and there is some evidence to suggest that outbreaks are more likely to be due to transmission between patients rather than the continuous reintroduction of different strains by staff or visitors (97). Transmission of these viruses is similar to that of RSV, and direct contact with respiratory secretions via fomites or large-droplet spread is the main route.…”

Section: Parainfluenza Virus Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Spread of Viral Disease

2001

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Viruses are important causes of nosocomial infection, but the fact that hospital outbreaks often result from introduction(s) from community-based epidemics, together with the need to initiate specific laboratory testing, means that there are usually insufficient data to allow the monitoring of trends in incidences. The most important defenses against nosocomial transmission of viruses are detailed and continuing education of staff and strict adherence to infection control policies. Protocols must be available to assist in the management of patients with suspected or confirmed viral infection in the health care setting. In this review, we present details on general measures to prevent the spread of viral infection in hospitals and other health care environments. These include principles of accommodation of infected patients and approaches to good hygiene and patient management. They provide detail on individual viral diseases accompanied in each case with specific information on control of the infection and, where appropriate, details of preventive and therapeutic measures. The important areas of nosocomial infection due to blood-borne viruses have been extensively reviewed previously and are summarized here briefly, with citation of selected review articles. Human prion diseases, which present management problems very different from those of viral infection, are not included

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“…[1][2][3][4] However, only limited numbers of reports of PIV3 outbreak in nursery units were published in the medical literature. [1][2][3][5][6][7] In these reports, outbreaks of PIV3 infections in nursery units mainly affected older infants, possibly due to loss of maternal antibodies protection. 2,5 Parainfluenza virus type 3 can cause infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the clinical presentation can be varied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%