Outbreaks of hepatitis A associated with immigrants travelling to visit friends and relatives

Godoy, Pere; Broner, Sònia; Manzanares-Laya, Sandra; Martı́nez, Ana; Parrón, I.; Planas, C; Sala-Farré, Maria-Rosa; Minguell, Sofía; Olalla, Patricia García de; Jané, Mireia; Domı́nguez, Àngela; Alsedà, Miquel; Arias, César; Barrabeig, Irene; Camps, Neus; Carol, Mónica; Ferràs, Joaquim; Ferrús, Glòria; Rovira, Ariadna; Torras, Ramona Allstadt; Caylà, Joan A.

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2015.09.006

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Importantly, such a targeted vaccination policy would be beneficial not only for protecting this particular at-risk group, but would also reduce secondary infections and hepatitis A outbreaks in schools, kindergartens or day care facilities that may occur as a result of asymptomatic infected children or adolescents after returning from HAV endemic areas 37 , 38 , 40 , 71 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Michaelis

Poethko‐Müller

Kuhnert

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable disease with a global distribution. It predominantly occurs in regions with inadequate living conditions, but also affects populations in industrialised countries. Children are frequently involved in the transmission of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and thus play a central role in the epidemiology of hepatitis A. Here, we investigated HAV infections, immunisations, and associated demographic determinants in a nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in Germany from 2003–2006. Out of 17,640 children and adolescents, complete data sets (HAV serology, demographic information and vaccination card) were available for 12,249 (69%), all aged 3–17 years. We found protective antibody levels (>=20 IU/L) in 1,755 (14%) individuals, 1,395 (11%) were vaccinated against hepatitis A, 360 (3%) individuals were HAV seropositive without prior hepatitis A vaccination, thus indicating a previous HAV infection. Antibody prevalence (attributable to vaccination or infection) increased significantly with age. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that predominantly children and adolescents with migration background–even if they were born in Germany–are affected by HAV infections. Our results provide a rationale to emphasise existing vaccination recommendations and, moreover, to consider additional groups with a higher risk of infection for targeted vaccination, especially children with a migration background.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Michaelis

Poethko‐Müller

Kuhnert

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…A Spanish study found a significant increase in HAV seroprevalence in the 2‐5 years age group sampled in 2008, compared with previous surveys. The increase was explained by migration trends from endemic countries and several studies that show the importance of children of immigrants returning from visiting friends and family in their countries of origin as a cause of outbreaks The result is supported by several studies that found that persons planning visits to friends and relatives are less likely than other travellers to receive HAV vaccination . Low vaccination coverages may be caused by lack of awareness on the part of subjects and physicians of the dangers of visiting friends and family in a hepatitis A endemic area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Despite these efforts, large multifocal outbreaks have occurred due to imported cases from countries where HAV is common and to transmission among MSM …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and risk factors of hepatitis A in Catalonia after the introduction of a hepatitis A+B vaccination programme

Godoy

Carmona

Manzanares

et al. 2018

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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At the end of 1998, universal hepatitis A+B vaccination of 12 year olds was introduced in Catalonia. The aim was to examine trends in hepatitis A during 2005-2015 and assess risk factors by age group. We carried out an observational epidemiological study of the incidence and risk factors of hepatitis A reported to the surveillance system. Information on exposure was recorded for each case for the 2-6 weeks before symptom onset. Spearman's coefficient was used to evaluate the trends of rates. The chi-square test was used to compare categorical. We studied 2621 hepatitis A cases; the age mean was 26.6 years (SD=18.2), and >50% of cases were in the 20-49 years age group. The incidence decreased from 3.28/100 000 in 2005 to 1.50/100 000 in 2015. The rate for women decreased over time (P = .008), but the reduction was not significant in men (P = .234). Men consistently had higher rates than women with the biggest difference being in the 20-34 years age group (rate 8.8 vs 2.8). The greatest risk factor was travel to an endemic country (42.1%) in the 0-19 years age group and male-to-male sexual contact (18.6%) in the 20-49 years age group. The case fatality rate in adults aged >49 years was 0.4%. In conclusion, the vaccination programme of preadolescents resulted in a reduction in hepatitis A cases. However, a significant amount of cases still appear in immigrants and men who have sex with men. Hepatitis A in adults is an emerging health problem that will require new strategies.

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“…Tidak seperti hepatitis B dan hepatitis C, hepatitis A tidak berkembang menjadi parah dan kronik, tetapi HAV dapat menjadi penyakit infeksi yang mampu menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang signifikan dan dapat menyebabkan wabah yang serius berkaitan dengan modus penularan. 1,2 Masa inkubasi HAV adalah 15-50 hari dengan rata-rata 28 hari sampai dengan 30 hari setelah infeksi. Gejala penyakit hepatitis A adalah demam, kelelahan, anoreksia (kehilangan nafsu makan), gangguan pencernaan atau ketidaknyamanan terutama di hati, mual, muntah, urine berwarna teh pekat, serta warna kekuningan pada kulit dan mata (ikterus).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Identifikasi Virus Hepatitis A pada Sindrom Penyakit Kuning Akut di Beberapa Provinsi di Indonesia Tahun 2013

Soekarso

Adam

Setiawaty

2017

GMHC

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AbstrakPenyakit kuning akut dapat disebabkan oleh infeksi virus hepatitis A, B, C, dan E dengan hepatitis A dan E sebagai penyebab utama wabah. Gejala kuning pada kasus infeksi virus Hepatitis A (HAV) muncul pada 2−6 minggu setelah pasien terinfeksi. Umumnya infeksi HAV tidak akan berkembang menjadi kronis, namun HAV dapat menyebabkan wabah. Pada tahun 2013 terjadi peningkatan penyakit kuning akut pada empat provinsi, yaitu Banten, Kepulauan Riau, Kalimantan Barat, dan Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penyebab penyakit kuning akut yang terjadi pada kejadian luar biasa di empat provinsi tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dari merebaknya kasus penyakit kuning akut selama tahun 2013 di empat provinsi di Indonesia. Spesimen dikumpulkan dan dikirim ke Laboratorium Virologi di Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan (Puslitbang BTDK), Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Spesimen diuji antibodi IgM HAV menggunakan metode enzyme immunoassay. Puslitbang BTDK menerima 102 spesimen dari tujuh kali laporan peningkatan kasus di empat provinsi, yaitu Banten, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Barat, dan Kepulauan Riau. Dari keseluruhan 102 spesimen, 38 spesimen (37%) positif IgM HAV, meliputi Banten 3 (2,9%), Kalimantan Selatan 7 (6,9%), Kepulauan Riau 4 (3,9%), dan Kalimantan Barat 24 (23,5%). Lebih banyak kasus perempuan dibanding dengan laki-laki dan dominan pada usia dewasa. Infeksi HAV adalah penyebab sindrom penyakit kuning akut di empat provinsi di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Hepatitis A, penyakit kuning, sindrom Hepatitis A Virus Identification on Acute Jaundice Syndrome in Some Provinces in Indonesia in 2013 AbstractAcute jaundice can be caused by hepatitis A, B, C and E virus. Hepatitis A and E are often as the main cause of the jaundice outbreak. The symptoms of Hepatitis A virus infection (HAV) appear 2−6 weeks after the patient infected.Generally HAV infection will not develop into chronic stages, but HAV can cause an outbreak. In 2013 there was an increase of acute jaudice syndrome in four provinces that are Banten, Riau Islands, West Kalimantan and South Kalimantan. The study aims to determine the cause of acute jaundice syndrome that occurs in extraordinary events in the four provinces. Data collection was conducted from outbreaks of acute cases of jaundice during 2013 in four provinces in Indonesia.

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Outbreaks of hepatitis A associated with immigrants travelling to visit friends and relatives

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Trends and risk factors of hepatitis A in Catalonia after the introduction of a hepatitis A+B vaccination programme

Identifikasi Virus Hepatitis A pada Sindrom Penyakit Kuning Akut di Beberapa Provinsi di Indonesia Tahun 2013

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