Outbreaks of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (West.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) under field conditions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Lourenção, André Luiz; Alves, André Campos; Fugi, Cristina Gomes Quevedo; Matos, Evandro S

doi:10.1590/s1519-566x2008000100014

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition to B. tabaci, other whitefly species such as Bemisia tuberculata , Tetraleurodes acaciae and Trialeurodes vaporariorum are known to be present in Brazil. For example B. tuberculata has been shown to colonize cassava plants in the states of São Paulo, Mato Grosso and Rio de Janeiro [9], [10], [11], while the greenhouse whitefly T. vaporariorum , was associated with outbreaks in 2003 in horticultural and ornamental crops in the state of São Paulo [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Localization of Bacterial Endosymbionts from Whitefly Species Collected in Brazil

et al. 2014

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Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are sap-sucking insect pests, and some cause serious damage in agricultural crops by direct feeding and by transmitting plant viruses. Whiteflies maintain close associations with bacterial endosymbionts that can significantly influence their biology. All whitefly species harbor a primary endosymbiont, and a diverse array of secondary endosymbionts. In this study, we surveyed 34 whitefly populations collected from the states of Sao Paulo, Bahia, Minas Gerais and Parana in Brazil, for species identification and for infection with secondary endosymbionts. Sequencing the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I gene revealed the existence of five whitefly species: The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci B biotype (recently termed Middle East-Asia Minor 1 or MEAM1), the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum, B. tabaci A biotype (recently termed New World 2 or NW2) collected only from Euphorbia, the Acacia whitefly Tetraleurodes acaciae and Bemisia tuberculata both were detected only on cassava. Sequencing rRNA genes showed that Hamiltonella and Rickettsia were highly prevalent in all MEAM1 populations, while Cardinium was close to fixation in only three populations. Surprisingly, some MEAM1 individuals and one NW2 population were infected with Fritschea. Arsenopnohus was the only endosymbiont detected in T. vaporariorum. In T. acaciae and B. tuberculata populations collected from cassava, Wolbachia was fixed in B. tuberculata and was highly prevalent in T. acaciae. Interestingly, while B. tuberculata was additionally infected with Arsenophonus, T. acaciae was infected with Cardinium and Fritschea. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on representative individuals showed that Hamiltonella, Arsenopnohus and Fritschea were localized inside the bacteriome, Cardinium and Wolbachia exhibited dual localization patterns inside and outside the bacteriome, and Rickettsia showed strict localization outside the bacteriome. This study is the first survey of whitely populations collected in Brazil, and provides further insights into the complexity of infection with secondary endosymionts in whiteflies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Localization of Bacterial Endosymbionts from Whitefly Species Collected in Brazil

et al. 2014

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“…The greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) is an important pest in many areas of the world (Lourenção et al 2008) and, in temperate areas, it can occur even during winter, primarily in protected agricultural settings such as greenhouses. Trialeurodes vaporariorum attacks ornamental and vegetable crops (Mound & Halsey 1978;Choi et al 2003;Oliveira et al 2003;Erdogan et al 2012) mainly when grown in greenhouses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of environmental factors on the flight activity ofTrialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood) under greenhouse conditions

Bonsignore

2014

Entomological Science

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The flight activity of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) was monitored over a 3‐year period in greenhouses containing tomato and zucchini crops. The environmental factors affecting its flight activity and dispersal were analyzed. Among the climatic variables, temperature had a positive impact on T. vaporariorum flight, whereas relative humidity had only a weak effect. More flights were made during the morning and afternoon, with fewer flights occurring when the temperature was above 25°C in greenhouses containing zucchini or above 30°C in those containing tomato; no flights were recorded when the temperature was 12.30°C in either setting. Flight typology, classified as short, long or dispersal, and covering a few centimeters to more than 2–3 m, was influenced by the vegetative condition of the plants. As the plants aged and declined in condition, the number of short flights decreased, whereas the number of long and dispersal flights increased. Based on these results, we can conclude that the dispersal of T. vaporariorum in greenhouses containing either tomato or zucchini crops is generally influenced by environmental factors, which also affect the type of flight, with a trade‐off between short and long dispersal flights. However, adult dispersal is driven not only by temperature, but also by other factors, such as conspecific density and time of the day. Therefore, producers must consider such factors when aiming to reduce the dispersal of pest insects within greenhouses and, thus, to maintain the productivity of their crops.

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“…It is distributed on all continents except Antarctica [2,3,4,5,6]. The greenhouse whitefly is a polyphagous species, colonizing more than 250 host plants [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure of the Greenhouse Whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), an Invasive Species from the Americas, 60 Years after Invading China

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2014

IJMS

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Though the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was introduced into China more than 60 years ago, the genetic diversity and structure of this exotic insect pest and virus vector have not been studied. To investigate the population genetic characteristics of this invasive species and to identify potential invasion routes, the genetic diversity and population structure of 17 collections of T. vaporariorum from nine provinces in China were analyzed using seven microsatellite loci. The results of the analyses indicated that the genetic diversity for the populations examined from the four provinces: Jilin, Ningxia, Guizhou and Qinghai, was lower than the genetic diversity of populations from the five provinces: Yunnan, Shandong, Shanxi, Liaoning, and Gansu. The T. vaporariorum populations analyzed in this study grouped as two distinct genetic clusters based on the analysis using STRUCTURE, whereas, 8 clusters were identified based on the BAPS analysis. Of the 136 genetic distance (Fst) values, 128 (94%) were associated with a significant exact test. There was a significant relationship between Fst and geographical distance. These results demonstrate that populations of T. vaporariorum in China exhibit significant genetic differentiation, indicating the likelihood that multiple introductions of T. vaporariorum into China have occurred. Also, the populations collected from the provinces of Jilin, Ningxia, Guizhou and Qinghai appear to represent secondary introductions originating from other Chinese provinces.

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Outbreaks of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (West.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) under field conditions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Diversity and Localization of Bacterial Endosymbionts from Whitefly Species Collected in Brazil

Diversity and Localization of Bacterial Endosymbionts from Whitefly Species Collected in Brazil

Effect of environmental factors on the flight activity ofTrialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood) under greenhouse conditions

Population Structure of the Greenhouse Whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), an Invasive Species from the Americas, 60 Years after Invading China

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