Outcome and prognostic factors for osteosarcoma of the maxilla, mandible, or calvarium in dogs: 183 cases (1986–2012)

Abstract

In this study, tumor excision in dogs with histologically tumor-free margins resulted in better local control and longer survival time than did other treatment types.

Immunotherapy with a HER2-Targeting Listeria Induces HER2-Specific Immunity and Demonstrates Potential Therapeutic Effects in a Phase I Trial in Canine Osteosarcoma

“…The MST of all 23 dogs (including the 5 with pre-existing metastatic disease) was 738 days with overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years of 60.9% and 52%, respectively (data not shown). In both cases, these results compare favorably with multiple studies evaluating dogs with osteosarcoma treated with amputation plus carboplatin, where reported DFI ranged from 123 to 257 days, MST ranged from 207 to 321 days (30-34) and overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 35.4% and 10% to 15%, respectively (7,30,32,35). Given that the eligibility criteria of absence of metastatic disease following chemotherapy might introduce bias in MST and overall survival rates, we retrospectively evaluated a historical control group of 18 dogs from our pathology database with HER2/neu þ primary osteosarcoma that had undergone amputation and chemotherapy and were confirmed to be free of pulmonary metastatic disease following chemotherapy (Supplementary Table S4).…”

Histologic margins and the residual tumour classification scheme: Is it time to use a validated scheme in human oncology to standardise margin assessment in veterinary oncology?

“…The overall local recurrence rate was 30% in surgically treated dogs, with local recurrence or disease progression reported in 24% of dogs with calvarial osteosarcoma, 16% with mandibular osteosarcoma, and 40% of dogs with maxillary osteosarcoma. In a multivariate analysis, complete histologic excision was an independent predictor of local tumour control (hazard ratio 0.4); calvarial osteosarcomas had a significantly higher risk of local tumour recurrence (hazard ratio 2.1) …”

“…In a study of 183 dogs with mandibular, maxillary or calvarial osteosarcoma, histologic margins were defined as complete (HTFM >0 mm) or incomplete. The overall local recurrence rate was 30% in surgically treated dogs, with local recurrence or disease progression reported in 24% of dogs with calvarial osteosarcoma, 16% with mandibular osteosarcoma, and 40% of dogs with maxillary osteosarcoma.…”

“…Dogs with incomplete histologic excision were significantly more likely to develop local tumour recurrence. 114 In a study of 183 dogs with mandibular, maxillary or calvarial osteosarcoma, 115 33,75 Based on the findings of these studies, the R classification scheme could be modified to develop a more refined treatment algorithm for specific tumour types.…”

The adrenergic receptor antagonists propranolol and carvedilol decrease bone sarcoma cell viability and sustained carvedilol reduces clonogenic survival and increases radiosensitivity in canine osteosarcoma cells

“…These features allow the dog to be an appropriate large animal model of spontaneous bone sarcoma. [10][11][12][13][14][15] In addition to playing a role in primary tumour control, radiation therapy is an important tool in the palliative management of localized and metastatic canine and human bone sarcomas. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Treatment of human osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma is complicated, in part due to the lack of prospective, randomized trials beyond first-line therapy, and there is a clear need for the development of new approaches to improve clinical outcomes.…”