Outcome of acute necrotizing encephalopathy in relation to treatment with corticosteroids and gammaglobulin

Differences of Clinical Manifestations According to the Patterns of Brain Lesions in Acute Encephalopathy with Reduced Diffusion in the Bilateral Hemispheres

“…Our previous study indicated that early steroid use was related to better outcomes in children with acute necrotizing encephalopathy without brain stem lesions. 18 The DWI patterns of our patients were characteristic, though reduced diffusion in the bilateral hemispheres may be observed with other causes of brain injury, such as hypoxicischemic encephalopathy and shaken infant syndrome. 19,20 It is possible that encephalopathy due to substance abuse or intoxication may exhibit similar DWI abnormalities.…”

Successful High-Dosage Dexamethasone Treatment of H1N1 Influenza A Pneumonia Complicated with Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis in an HIV-Infected Adult

“…Influenza virus has not been previously detected in CSF and brain tissue sample of patients with ANE [9]. Early steroid treatment of ANE was considered beneficial; however, the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin was then under investigation [10]. In our patient, the second real time-PCR for influenza RNA from respiratory secretions and cerebrospinal fluid after the occurrence of ANE was negative in tests for the identification of influenza virus.…”

Efficacy of Pulse Steroid Therapy in Acute Viral Encephalopathy (Case Report)

“…Okumura et al [11] concluded that administration of steroid within 24 hours after the onset was related to better outcome of the patients with acute encephalopathy Tabarki et al [12] showed that in spite of the late administration of the steroids the outcome of the patients was relatively good. Kimura et al [13] pointed in their study that after administration of 3 days steroid therapy (1000 mg/day) the patient was responded quickly.…”

“…On admission, neurological examination revealed the following; she was confused, un-cooperated, disoriented and Glascow Coma Scale (GCS) was of 11 On admission, brain computerized tomography (CT) was normal. Follow up brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study showed slightly high signals in the basal cisternas with thickening of the dural surfaces on the fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) images but no abnormal signal in diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), T2W1, T1W1 and enhanced T1W1 (Figure 1 On the first day of her admission, she was still not able to talk with her family and did not get well by feeding nutrition, acyclovir (1500 mg/day) and supportive treatments like low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in case of an embolism.…”