Outcome of Children With Presumptive Tuberculosis in Mbarara, Rural Uganda

Abstract

Background

Notes from the field: Descriptive Exploration of childhood tuberculosis frequency and risk factors of zoonotic bovine tuberculosis in Moroto district, Uganda

“…Childhood tuberculosis represented 352 (47%) of all registered cases in Moroto district. Similar high case numbers were reported by (5,20) in Mbarara and Mbale districts respectively, however (6) reported a lower TB frequency of 7.5% in Kampala. Other developing countries such as Pakistan reported high case numbers at 42.4% while Kenya reported low frequency at 9% ( 21).…”

“…Age aggregation of TB cases is especially important in Uganda since more TB cases occur in the vulnerable 0 to 2 age category which has been reported to have low treatment success rate and increased risk of mortality (10,24). The 0-2 age group is more susceptible to TB infection due to immature immune system (5). There is need for more funding by Ministry of Health to the NTLP so that community outreaches and preventative therapy can be prioritized for this age group in high TB burden districts.…”

“…88,000 TB cases were con rmed of which 13 % were children below 15 years and 15,600 cases died (1). Several studies show that child hood TB cases might be under-reported and could be as high as 20 % of TB cases in Uganda (4)(5)(6)(7). Diagnosis of TB in children is di cult since the disease often mimics many other common childhood diseases like pneumonia (7).…”

Decentralisation of child tuberculosis services increases case finding and uptake of preventive therapy in Uganda

“…Severity of disease in child TB cases diagnosed in rural Uganda has been associated with mortality. 22 Strengthening of community linkages through training of VHTs resulted in the successful implementation of household contact screening, with active case detection in 11% of symptomatic child contacts and high uptake and completion of IPT. The IPT uptake of .85% is higher than previously reported from a number of settings, including urban Uganda.…”

The burden of vaccine-preventable diseases among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed children in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Twenty-one TB prevalence studies were pooled together and reported estimated prevalence of 16% (95% CI 12 -19, I 2 = 99%). For studies conducted within the period 1991-2000, the prevalence was 13% (95% CI 8 -18) 40,43 ; lower in 2001-2010 with an estimate of 8% (95% CI 5 -11, I 2 = 96%) 22,33,37,38,51 and recorded the highest prevalence in recent years with 15% (95% CI 8 -22, I 2 = 99) 15,16,18,19,21,23,27,29,31,41,45,46,52,57 (Figure 3). Fourteen prevalence studies on hepatitis B (HBV) infection in HIV-infected children were pooled together with an estimate prevalence of 5% (95% CI 4 -7, I 2 = 90%).…”