Outcome of laparoscopic ovariectomy and laparoscopic-assisted ovariohysterectomy in dogs: 278 cases (2003–2013)

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To compare outcomes for laparoscopic ovariectomy (LapOVE) and laparoscopic-assisted ovariohysterectomy (LapOVH) in dogs. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 278 female dogs. PROCEDURES Medical records of female dogs that underwent laparoscopic sterilization between 2003 and 2013 were reviewed. History, signalment, results of physical examination, results of preoperative diagnostic testing, details of the surgical procedure, durations of anesthesia and surgery, intraoperative and immediate postoperative (ie, during hospitalization) complications, and short- (≤ 14 days after surgery) and long-term (> 14 days after surgery) outcomes were recorded. Data for patients undergoing LapOVE versus LapOVH were compared. RESULTS Intraoperative and immediate postoperative complications were infrequent, and incidence did not differ between groups. Duration of surgery for LapOVE was significantly less than that for LapOVH; however, potential confounders were not assessed. Surgical site infection was identified in 3 of 224 (1.3%) dogs. At the time of long-term follow-up, postoperative urinary incontinence was reported in 7 of 125 (5.6%) dogs that underwent LapOVE and 12 of 82 (14.6%) dogs that underwent LapOVH. None of the dogs had reportedly developed estrus or pyometra by the time of final follow-up. Overall, 205 of 207 (99%) owners were satisfied with the surgery, and 196 of 207 (95%) would consider laparoscopic sterilization for their dogs in the future. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that short- and long-term outcomes were similar for female dogs undergoing sterilization by means of LapOVE or LapOVH; however, surgery time may have been shorter for dogs that underwent LapOVE. Most owners were satisfied with the outcome of laparoscopic sterilization.

Complications related to entry techniques for laparoscopy in 159 dogs and cats

“…Intraoperative complication rates in 278 laparoscopic spay procedures were reviewed a recent study. Ten (4%) of the procedures had intraoperative complications . Intraoperative complications in 1.6% of cases were found in another large study of 618 laparoscopic ovariectomies in dogs .…”

“…Ten (4%) of the procedures had intraoperative complications. 22 Intraoperative complications in 1.6% of cases were found in another large study of 618 laparoscopic ovariectomies in dogs. 23 Neither of the articles describing these studies reported laparoscopic entry-related complications or discussed minor complications such as gas leaks or repeated entry attempts.…”

“…The complication rate noted here is higher than that previously suggested. 22,23 However, only 2% of surgeries were associated with a type of complication that is traditionally reported (ie, those with consequences for the surgical procedure). Intraoperative complication rates in 278 laparoscopic spay procedures were reviewed a recent study.…”

Laparoscopic gonadectomy in dogs with ovotesticular disorder of sexual development

“…Because of the close similarity between laparoscopic ovotesticular gonadectomy and laparoscopic ovariectomy or cryptorchidectomy, the authors expect patients to benefit from the same described advantages, including increased visualization (Mayhew, 2009), decreased intraoperative bleeding (Charlesworth & Sanchez, 2019), shorter recovery time, increased post‐operative activity level (Culp, Mayhew, & Brown, 2009), decreased post‐operative pain (Devitt et al., 2005; Hancock et al., 2005) and decreased overall and wound healing complications (Charlesworth & Sanchez, 2019). When abdominal exploration would reveal uterine abnormalities requiring its removal, the procedure can easily be converted to a laparoscopy‐assisted gonadohysterectomy, similar to laparoscopy‐assisted ovariohysterectomy and still offer minimally invasive benefits to the patient (Corriveau, Giuffrida, Mayhew, & Runge, 2017).…”

Do prevalence rates and severity of acquired urinary incontinence differ between dogs spayed by laparoscopy or laparotomy? Comparing apples with apples with a matched‐pair cohort study

“…Although the strength of this evidence was questioned by a systematic review of peer‐reviewed original English journal articles, recent results have confirmed this causal relationship . Prevalence rates of AUI up to 20% have been reported; however, they vary tremendously among studies, most likely reflecting different demographic compositions . Breed, size, or bodyweight of the dog; obesity or body condition score (BCS); tail docking; urethra length; age of the dog; and the time of spaying in relation to the onset of puberty are considered potential risk factors of AUI.…”