Outcome of Manual Vacuum Aspiration (Mva) in Management of Incomplete Abortion

Abstract

Partial abortions represent a significant worldwide health concern, particularly in regions such as Pakistan. Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) is a potential therapeutic intervention due to its efficacy and safety. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MVA in treating partial abortions, with a focus on outcomes such as procedure success rates, complications, and patient characteristics influencing outcomes. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) as a therapy for treating partial abortions, particularly in the context of Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta. Specific objectives include evaluating procedure success rates and post-procedural complications and identifying any correlations between patient characteristics and outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta, from August 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022. A sample size of 67 pregnant women aged 18 to 35, showing clinical signs of incomplete abortion, was selected using non-probability sequential sampling. Data collection encompassed various criteria, including procedure duration, blood loss, blood transfusion requirement, evacuation completeness, and length of hospital stay. Correlation analysis was employed to explore relationships between patient characteristics and outcomes. Results: The study found that 82% of patients had a successful MVA procedure. Post-abortal bleeding was observed in 69% of cases, and post-abortal infections in 52%. A strong correlation was identified between gravida and postpartum haemorrhage and infection, indicating higher vulnerability among primigravida individuals. However, no significant correlation was found between gravida and the length of hospital stay, blood transfusion requirement, or MVA efficiency. Conclusion: Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) demonstrates effectiveness and safety as a low-cost, decentralised method for treating partial abortions. Results suggest its incorporation into healthcare systems to mitigate abortion-related risks and reduce rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. This study provides valuable insights into the use of MVA in incomplete abortion care, supporting clinical practice and policy decisions aimed at improving global reproductive health outcomes.