Outcome of Nurse-Led Intervention on Knowledge and Practice of Aseptic Technique Among Surgical Nurses in Two Teaching Hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria

Abstract

Aseptic Technique (AT) plays a key role in the management of surgical cases within the hospital including the operating rooms. Surgical Nurse uses AT to alleviate the suffering of patients by protecting them during invasive clinical procedure thereby providing optimal care resulting in positive outcome. Therefore, the goal of this study was to train surgical nurses on knowledge and practice of aseptic technique in two teaching hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria. A two group pre -test and post-test quasi experimental design was utilized and a sample size of 129 was used by simple random technique. A self- structured questionnaire was used for data collection, which was pilot tested and both were analysed through Cronbach Alpha and result yielded four research questions and six hypotheses were formulated. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22. Questionnaire was analysed using descriptive statistics of percentages, means and standard deviation while inferential statistics of t-test and Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) were used to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that majority 28 (42.5%) and 17 (38.4%) of the participants were between the ages of 30 to 39 years in experimental and control group. The gender showed majority to be female 54 (74%) and 33 (82.5%) in both groups while most participants had degree in Nursing (53.4%) and (50%) in both groups. Their years of service showed that (34.2%) and (45.0%) have worked between 11 and 15 years, more than half were on grade level 7 and10. The pre-intervention mean scores of knowledge level was 27.009 (54.02%) and 26.511 (53.02%) in both groups, this revealed that the level of knowledge among them was below average. The pre-intervention mean scores level of practice in both groups was 7.432 (53.09%) and 7.507 (53.62%), this signified that the practice level of both group was below average. The post-intervention mean scores of the knowledge level in both groups was 43.807 (87.61%) and 26.461 (52.92%). The difference observed in the mean score of both groups was as a result of the training that only experimental group was exposed to, therefore , there was a significant improvement. The post-intervention mean scores of the practice level of both groups was 13.009 (92.92%) and 7.616 (54.4%). The difference observed in the mean score of both groups was as a result of the training of the experimental group therefore, there was a significant improvement. In conclusion, the influence of nurse-led intervention had a significant outcome on the training of knowledge and practice of aseptic technique that the experimental group was exposed to. It is therefore recommended that nurse clinicians be exposed to periodic training and re-training to facilitate good outcome of all invasive clinical procedures thereby reducing sepsis.