Outcomes in neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 during the second wave in India

Malik, Sushma; Jain, Dipty; Bokade, Chandrakant M; Savaskar, Shakira; Deshmukh, L. S.; Wade, Poonam; Madhura, Abhishek; Suryawanshi, Milind; Bandichhode, S T; Bodhgire, Sachin Bapurao; Zala, Sarika; Mahale, Smita D.; Modi, Deepak; Waghmare, Rakesh; Surve, Suchitra; Gajbhiye, Rahul

doi:10.1007/s00431-022-04546-0

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Malik S et al compared the neonatal outcomes in mothers with COVID-19 in Maharashtra during the first and second waves of the pandemic in India and found an increased need for neonatal resuscitation as well as NICU admission rates during the second wave when compared with the first wave. 3 However, our study conducted during the second wave did not find an increased need of resuscitation in COVID-exposed neonates. This difference could be attributable to regional differences and differences in the drainage area and patient profile seen at these centres.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, which hit India in March 2021, saw increased maternal morbidity and mortality, raising the question of vertical transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) to their neonates. [1][2][3] There have been limited studies to define the precise risk that maternal COVID-19 poses to their newborns. The potential risks include premature delivery, caesarean delivery, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, intra-uterine growth retardation, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), transient tachypnoea of the newborn (TTNB), and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential risks include premature delivery, caesarean delivery, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, intra-uterine growth retardation, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), transient tachypnoea of the newborn (TTNB), and so on. 1–7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Need for Neonatal Resuscitation: Does Maternal COVID-19 Affect It?

Kumar¹,

Agrawal²,

Bansal³

et al. 2023

Journal of Neonatology

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Background Maternal COVID-19 infection acquired during late pregnancy carries a potential risk for adverse neonatal outcomes. There is still a paucity of data on its effect on the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life. Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of maternal COVID-19 infection on neonates for the risk and need for resuscitation at birth, Apgar scores at 1- and 5-minutes, and the need of NICU admission during early neonatal period. Materials and method In this hospital-based prospective matched cohort study, 100 COVID-positive pregnant women presenting for delivery were enrolled. We also included 100 non-COVID pregnant women after the best possible matching of their major baseline parameters with the study group. Neonates of both groups were followed-up till 7 days of life. Results The two groups were comparable for all baseline variables except for the mode of delivery. The requirement of neonatal resuscitation was 30% and 21% in the study and control groups (RR = 1.429; 95% CI 0.88–2.32; p = 0.149). Apgar scores at 1- and 5- minutes were also unaffected by maternal COVID-19 infection with mean scores of 8.8 ± 0.651 vs. 8.87 ± 0.562 (p = 0.42) in the study and control groups, respectively. COVID-exposed neonates had a higher incidence of NICU admission when compared with the unexposed group (RR =1.616; 95% CI 1.002–2.606; p = 0.047). Among neonates born to COVID-positive mothers, 11% demonstrated evidence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity within first 5 days of life. The risk for need of resuscitation and mean Apgar scores were comparable among SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative neonates (p > 0.05). Conclusion COVID-19 infection in pregnant women is not associated with an increased risk of neonatal resuscitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Need for Neonatal Resuscitation: Does Maternal COVID-19 Affect It?

Kumar¹,

Agrawal²,

Bansal³

et al. 2023

Journal of Neonatology

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“…Preterm delivery in pregnant women with COVID-19 is reported to be between 15 and 35% in individual studies from several countries. 79 80 81 82 83 In the CDC ' s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, among 3,912 infants with known gestational age born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, prematurity rate was estimated at 12.9%, higher than the national estimate of 10.2%. 66 Perinatal infection to newborns with confirmed test results for SARS-CoV-2 was infrequently observed at 2.6% and occurred primarily among infants whose mothers were tested positive closer to delivery.…”

Section: Outcomes Of Infants Born To Mothers With Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…12 Other published studies from developing countries have reported mixed outcomes, with some reporting no differences in neonatal outcomes to a few reporting higher rates of hospitalization and mortality. 81 89 90 91 Limited data are available on the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants born to mothers with COVID-19 infection. It is unclear if infants might be at-risk of neurodevelopmental delay due to maternal illness and inflammatory response during pregnancy or based on exposure to infection in early pregnancy.…”

Section: Outcomes Of Infants Born To Mothers With Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother to Newborn Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Evolution of Evidence in 1.5 Years of COVID-19 Pandemic

Gupta

Kamity²,

Sharma

et al. 2022

Am J Perinatol

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused significant mortality and morbidity in people of all age groups worldwide. Given the uncertainty regarding the mode of transmission and potential effects of COVID-19 on pregnant mothers and their newborns, guidelines for taking care of maternal–newborn dyads have evolved tremendously since the pandemic began. There has been an enormous influx of published materials regarding the outcomes of mothers and newborns. Still, multiple knowledge gaps regarding comprehensive information about risk to the mothers and newborns exist, which need to be addressed. Current evidence suggests that mothers with symptomatic COVID-19 infection are at increased risk of severe illness during pregnancy, with a higher need for respiratory support and premature deliveries. Neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 are at increased risk of needing intensive care; however, most newborns do well after birth. As new mutant variants arise, we need to be cautious while proactively understanding any new evolving patterns. All leading health authorities strongly recommend COVID-19 vaccination before or during pregnancy to reduce the risk of maternal morbidities and benefit from passing antibodies to newborns prenatally and via breastmilk. Additionally, there are racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in outcomes and vaccination coverage for pregnant women. This article summarizes the rapidly evolving evidence for the last 1.5 years and aims to help health care professionals care for mothers with COVID-19 and their newborns. Key Points

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Comparison of Clinical, Laboratory Parameters, and Outcome of COVID-19-Positive and Negative Neonates Delivered from COVID-19-Positive Mothers

Singh,

Kumar,

Mehta

et al. 2023

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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Objective Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a highly contagious respiratory viral infection that affects all individuals, although neonates are considered to be the most susceptible populations; therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the clinical outcome and association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive mothers and newborns. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at a dedicated COVID-19 tertiary care hospital in India over a period of 1 year. The pregnant mothers infected with COVID-19 virus were enrolled with their newborn baby up to the age of 28 days. COVID-19 test was done by using a rapid antigen kit and further confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Prevalence of COVID-19-positive newborns born of COVID-19-positive mothers is reported at 8.4%. Female:male ratio was found to be 1:1.2. Raised D-dimer (88.9%) and C-reactive protein (88.9%) were the most common findings in COVID-19-positive newborns followed by leucopenia (33.3%). Among the COVID-19 newborns, Apgar score less than or equal to 7 and respiratory distress were found in 55.6 and 33.3%, respectively. Out of 9 COVID-19-positive newborns, two (22.2%) were expired, and out of 98 COVID-19-negative newborns, 4(4.1%) were expired. Conclusion This study revealed that severity of maternal symptoms is related to mortality of newborns. About 22.2% COVID-19-positive newborns expired, whereas 4.1% of COVID-19-negative newborns expired so risk of mortality increased among COVID-19-positive neonates as compared with negative ones. However, this study was conducted on a small sample size and further research with larger populations is needed to validate these findings.

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Outcomes in neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 during the second wave in India

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Need for Neonatal Resuscitation: Does Maternal COVID-19 Affect It?

Need for Neonatal Resuscitation: Does Maternal COVID-19 Affect It?

Mother to Newborn Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Evolution of Evidence in 1.5 Years of COVID-19 Pandemic

Comparison of Clinical, Laboratory Parameters, and Outcome of COVID-19-Positive and Negative Neonates Delivered from COVID-19-Positive Mothers

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