Outcomes of a Small Group Educational Intervention for Urinary Incontinence

Abstract

This community-based intervention is an encouraging option for behavioral treatment of UI. Public health models may be particularly appropriate with moderate levels of urinary incontinence.

Identifying Continence OptioNs after Stroke (ICONS): an evidence synthesis, case study and exploratory cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care

“…31 The definition of incontinence differs slightly: four trials specifying that UI episodes had to occur at least twice a week, 33,73,76,89 one trial specifying at least once a week 31 and one trial specifying more than two episodes a month. 71 Of the remaining four trials, two confirmed UUI by urodynamic testing, 81,87 McFall et al 90 used self-report of UI for 3 months or more as an inclusion criteria and Subak et al 100 did not define UI but referred to standard diagnostic criteria sourced from US guidelines.…”

“…71 Five studies involved community samples with interventions delivered in clinic visits. 31,33,81,90,100 The setting for one study was unclear. 87 Three trials did not exclude people with cognitive impairment.…”

“…Table 3 details the trial arms compared against CBIs. Of the seven control comparisons, three were attention controls, 33,71,89 two were waitlist controls 90,91,100 and two were no treatment controls. 73,76 The remaining six treatment comparisons included three medications [propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine ® , Roxane Laboratories Inc.) or oxybutinin (Ditropan, several manufacturers) (× 2)], 33,81,82,87 two single behavioural interventions (BT or PFMT) 31 and one psychotherapy comparison.…”

“…73,76 The remaining six treatment comparisons included three medications [propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine ® , Roxane Laboratories Inc.) or oxybutinin (Ditropan, several manufacturers) (× 2)], 33,81,82,87 two single behavioural interventions (BT or PFMT) 31 and one psychotherapy comparison. 87 Seven of the trials were undertaken in the USA 31,33,73,76,[89][90][91]100 one in the UK, 87 one in Turkey 71 and one in Israel. 81,82 Three were quasi-RCTs.…”

The conceptualization and measurement of quality of life in older adults: a review of empirical studies published during 1994–2006

“…Sometimes, the concepts of QoL and HRQoL were used to mean the same thing. For example, the SF-36 is described as both a QoL and HRQoL measurement (Akifusa et al 2005;Berkman 1999;Berlowitz 1995;Brazier et al 1996;Byles 1999;Byles et al 2004;Gagnon et al 1999;Hanlon et al 1996;Jenkins 2002;McFall 2000;Nelson et al 2004;Peek 2004;Pfisterer et al 2003;Reeves et al 2004;Varma et al 1999). Various authors define QoL broadly, while others do not make a distinction between QoL and HRQoL (Bowling et al 2002;De Leo et al 1998;Hellstrom et al 2004b;McHugh et al 1997;Nesbitt and Heidrich 2000).…”