Outcomes of preterm birth: a lifespan perspective

Taylor, H. Gerry

doi:10.1111/dmcn.13399

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Future studies should link relationship and socio-emotional variables over time to child outcomes in later childhood and adolescence and examine additional individual-level and family variables such as parental stress, mental health, and psychopathology. While studies in the broad cognitive domain have shown that deficits persist, even here the developmental pathways to adult outcomes are not clear and a number of variables likely play important roles in influencing these pathways and outcomes; these include genetic susceptibility, and environmental sources such as family and social support as moderators (Taylor, 2017). Mother, child, and contextual factors are likely to create and explain variations in the over time trajectories of maternal EA (Stack et al, 2012; Matte-Gagné et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Effects of VLBW/PT Birth Status and Maternal Emotional Availability (EA) on Child EA Trajectories

2019

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Few studies have examined the longitudinal impact of birth status on the infant–mother relationship and on children’s socio-emotional development. In the present study we investigated developmental patterns of such relationships [using the Emotional Availability (EA) Scales] in fullterm and VLBW/PT infants from infancy to emerging school age. Our objectives were to: (a) model the developmental trajectories of EA dimensions (maternal sensitivity, structuring, non-hostility; child responsiveness, involvement) in a VLBW/PT and fullterm sample, (b) identify potential effects of VLBW/PT status on these trajectories, and (c) determine whether the effects of VLBW/PT status on children’s socio-emotional development (child EA) remained after accounting for the effect of maternal EA. Child–mother dyads (n = 109) were observed in home-based interactions (face-to-face and free play) when children were 6, 12, 18, and 57-months-old in fullterm (37–41 weeks, >2500 g; n = 48) and healthy VLBW/PT (26–32 weeks gestation, birth weight 800–1500 g, corrected for gestational age; n = 61) children. Developmental trajectories of maternal and child EA were assessed using multilevel growth modeling in Mplus. Results indicated that, even after controlling for maternal EA, there was a persistent negative effect of VLBW/PT birth status on child EA trajectories. Both initially and over time, VLBW/PT infants lagged behind their fullterm counterparts on levels of responsiveness and involvement with mothers. There was also a persistent positive effect of maternal EA (sensitivity and structuring) on child EA trajectories. Higher average levels of maternal sensitivity and structuring across time were also associated with higher and persistent levels of child responsiveness and involvement of their mothers. Importantly, results held after modeling both effects together, and after controlling for maternal education and child gender. Our results have implications for VLBW/PT children’s development, the parent–child relationship, and integrating family level factors and relationship dimensions in early prevention and intervention programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Effects of VLBW/PT Birth Status and Maternal Emotional Availability (EA) on Child EA Trajectories

2019

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“…Outcome studies of premature infants in adulthood are fewer compared to those at younger ages. Most adult studies focus on the smallest 20% of premature infants with birth weights of <1,000 and <1,500 g (Taylor, 2017). Nearly two decades ago, the only U.S. study of infants <1,500 g at 20 years of age reported that neurodevelopmental and growth sequelae persist to young adulthood with lower educational achievement, poorer physical abilities, higher blood pressure, and poorer respiratory function (Hack et al, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to the U.S. population, these international cohorts have greater access to health services, are more racially homogeneous, have less socioeconomic disparity, and do not represent those at highest risk (Saigal & Streiner, 2009). This has led to the current imperative to consider analyses with nested effects, individual resilience, and a life course perspective (Sullivan et al, 2020; Taylor, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Protocol to Assess Adult Outcomes at 30 Years Following Preterm Birth

Sullivan

D'Agata²,

Stanley³

et al. 2022

Nursing Research

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BackgroundAmong the most intense adversity experiences for infants is premature birth. Early birth marks the beginning of a life course that broadly affects families, healthcare, education, social systems, and the survivors themselves. For many, the transition to adulthood is challenging and often hampered by cognitive, physical and mental health, and motor and independence difficulties.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to share a comprehensive protocol of a 10th follow-up study of premature infants in their 30s. The protocol accounts for stress during the neonatal period, the cumulative context (risk and protection) of development, biological and epigenetic mechanisms, and individual resilience.MethodsThe prospective, five-group longitudinal design includes 215 term-born and preterm-born individuals with various neonatal morbidities at ages 30–35 years. Adult outcomes include health, adaptive, executive function, work, and social competence. Novel measures are four system indicators of allostatic load (AL) and epigenetics. Contextual measures include socioeconomic risk and individual resilience. All measures were selected based on coherence with constructs of the scientific aims, strong psychometrics, continuity for repeated measures, and minimal subject burden. Objective assessments include body composition imaging, exercise testing, blood and saliva collection, and actigraphy. The two-phase protocol takes approximately 8 hours.DiscussionAfter an 11-month COVID-19 pause, participant response has been strong. As of May 2022, 75 participants have completed the full protocol, and 99 have consented to participate. When socioeconomic risk is controlled, we hypothesize that life course trajectories in physical and psychological health, adaptive function, and executive function will differ between term and preterm neonatal morbidity groups. AL will vary across groups and contribute to outcomes. We expect proximal protection and resilience to mediate the cumulative medical and socioeconomic risk and AL. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation, with estimates of age acceleration, will be examined across groups and explored in longitudinal associations with medical risk, socioeconomic status, and protection. To our knowledge, this is the only U.S. study of premature infants aged 30–35 years. With millions of preterm-born individuals reaching adulthood, the protocol incorporates molecular and genetic biomarkers in a life course developmental examination to inform the timing and content of interventions.

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“…Long-term complications of preterm birth include impaired cognitive skills, vision and hearing problems, and behavioral and psychological problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder 55,56 . Children who experienced preterm birth are also more likely to have chronic health issues such as asthma and infections than full-term children 54,55 .…”

Section: Adverse Outcomes Of Pregnancy and Childbirthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children who experienced preterm birth are also more likely to have chronic health issues such as asthma and infections than full-term children 54,55 .…”

Section: Adverse Outcomes Of Pregnancy and Childbirthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac disease in pregnancy and consequences for reproductive outcomes, comorbidity and survival

Kernell¹

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Outcomes of preterm birth: a lifespan perspective

Abstract: This commentary is on the original article by Breeman et al. on pages 477–483 of this issue.

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Persistence of Effects of VLBW/PT Birth Status and Maternal Emotional Availability (EA) on Child EA Trajectories

Persistence of Effects of VLBW/PT Birth Status and Maternal Emotional Availability (EA) on Child EA Trajectories

A Protocol to Assess Adult Outcomes at 30 Years Following Preterm Birth

Cardiac disease in pregnancy and consequences for reproductive outcomes, comorbidity and survival

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