Outcomes of the RILEM round robin on degree of reaction of slag and fly ash in blended cements

Durdzinski, Pawel; Haha, Mohsen Ben; Bernal, Susan A.; Belie, Nele De; Gruyaert, Elke; Lothenbach, Barbara; Menéndez, Esperanza; Provis, John L.; Schöler, Axel; Stabler, Christopher; Tan, Zhengquan; Zaccardi, Yury Villagrán; Vollpracht, Anya; Winnefeld, Frank; Zając, Maciej; Scrivener, Karen

doi:10.1617/s11527-017-1002-1

Cited by 114 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The PONKCS results were shown to be in line with those of other independent techniques such as selective dissolution (for FA) (Durdziń ski et al, 2017), mass balance and thermodynamic modelling (for calcined clay) (Avet et al, 2018). Nevertheless, a round-robin study by RILEM (International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures) committee TC SCM concluded that, in the absence of a clear analytical protocol, the PONKCS results for the degree of reaction of FA reported by the participants presented larger scatter than those of other techniques such as selective dissolution or back-calculation from portlandite consumption (Durdziń ski et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The application of the method to hydrated systems was explored in some recent publications on slag, fly ash (FA), micro silica or calcined clay blended cements (Avet et al, 2018;Bhagath, Singh & Subramaniam, 2016;Snellings, Salze & Scrivener, 2014;Zajac et al, 2018;Naber et al, 2019), and alkali-activated materials (Sun & Vollpracht, 2018). The PONKCS results were shown to be in line with those of other independent techniques such as selective dissolution (for FA) (Durdziń ski et al, 2017), mass balance and thermodynamic modelling (for calcined clay) (Avet et al, 2018). Nevertheless, a round-robin study by RILEM (International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures) committee TC SCM concluded that, in the absence of a clear analytical protocol, the PONKCS results for the degree of reaction of FA reported by the participants presented larger scatter than those of other techniques such as selective dissolution or back-calculation from portlandite consumption (Durdziń ski et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The hydration-stoppage process consisted of storing the samples for 7 days in 100 ml of isopropanol. The isopropanol was renewed at 3 h and 1 and 3 days (Durdziń ski et al, 2017). After the isopropanol exchange process, the slices were stored under low vacuum in a desiccator over silica gel.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of amorphous siliceous fly ash in hydrated blended cement pastes by X-ray powder diffraction

Snellings

Scrivener

2019

J Appl Crystallogr

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X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD)‐based quantitative phase analysis is a common technique for studying the hydration of cementitious systems. Hydrated cements often comprise several amorphous or nanocrystalline phases. This paper presents a protocol for the quantification of amorphous siliceous fly ash in hydrated cement using XRPD based on the Rietveld PONKCS (partial or no known crystal structure) method. The protocol is validated by comparison against independent measurements, such as Ca(OH)2 content by thermogravimetry and isothermal calorimetry to evaluate the fly ash degree of reaction. A sensitivity analysis of the protocol was carried out to test the robustness of the results with regard to sample preparation, data collection strategies and refinement model parameters. The key sensitive aspects of the protocol are (i) the preservation and preparation of the hydrated cement sample for XRPD measurement, (ii) the selection of a 2gθ angular range for the Rietveld analysis that avoids low‐angle scattering interferences, and (iii) the use of the peak profile to account for the contribution of other amorphous phases such as the diffraction pattern of nanocrystalline calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H). The results show good accuracy in terms of quantification if the initial fly ash content is more than 10 wt%. Example TOPAS fly ash and C–S–H codes, as well as the raw XRPD data set, are provided.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Quantification of amorphous siliceous fly ash in hydrated blended cement pastes by X-ray powder diffraction

Snellings

Scrivener

2019

J Appl Crystallogr

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“…Granulowany żużel wielkopiecowy jest dodatkiem o utajnionych właściwościach hydraulicznych, tzn. aktywowany wiąże i twardnieje zarówno w środowisku wodnym, jak i na powietrzu, z utworzeniem produktów o właściwościach hydraulicznych [9][10][11][12][13]. Aktywatorami mielonych granulowanych żużli wielkopiecowych mogą być: związki zasadowe lub słabo kwaśne; oddziaływania fizyczne, np.…”

Section: Wprowadzenieunclassified

Wpływ Właściwości Fizykochemicznych Zmielonych Granulowanych Żużli Wielkopiecowych Na Kształtowanie Się Wskaźnika Aktywności

Janic

Gliwicach

Gołaszewska

2019

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo

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“…The extents of reaction of blast furnace slag and fly ashes in practical cementitious blends (w/c 0.40; replacement levels 30-40%) have been determined by multiple techniques in a recent RILEM round robin test [17]; at 90 d, slag had reacted around 40-50% and fly ashes 20-30%. According to the literature survey of Zeng et al [18], the extent of cement hydration at this age and w/c ratio would be expected to be around 70-80%.…”

Section: Consequences Recommendations and 4 Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of the Jander equation in cement hydration modelling

Provis

2016

RILEM Tech Lett

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The equation of Jander [W. Jander, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. (1927) 163: 1-30] is often used to describe the kinetics of dissolution of solid cement grains, as a component of mathematical descriptions of the broader cement hydration process. The Jander equation can be presented as kt/R2 =[1-(1-α) (1/3) ]2 where k is a constant, t is time, R is the initial radius of a solid reactant particle, and α is the fractional degree of reaction. This equation is attractive for its simplicity and apparently straightforward derivation. However, the derivation of the Jander equation involves an approximation related to neglect of particle surface curvature which means that it is strictly not correct for anything beyond a very small extent of reaction. This is well documented in the broader literature, but this information has not been effectively propagated to the field of cement science, which means that researchers are continuing to base models on this erroneous equation. It is recommended that if the assumptions of diffusion control and unchanging overall particle size which lead to the selection of the Jander equation are to be retained, it is preferable to instead use the Ginstling-Brounshtein equation [A.M. Ginstling, B.I. Brounshtein, J. Appl. Chem. USSR (1950) 23: 1327-1338], which does correctly account for particle surface curvature without significant extra mathematical complication. Otherwise, it is possible (and likely desirable) to move to more advanced descriptions of particle-fluid reactions to account for factors such as dimensional changes during reaction, and the possibility of rate controlling influences other than diffusion.

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Outcomes of the RILEM round robin on degree of reaction of slag and fly ash in blended cements

Abstract: This is a repository copy of Outcomes of the RILEM round robin on degree of reaction of slag and fly ash in blended cements.

Cited by 114 publications

References 17 publications

Quantification of amorphous siliceous fly ash in hydrated blended cement pastes by X-ray powder diffraction

Quantification of amorphous siliceous fly ash in hydrated blended cement pastes by X-ray powder diffraction

Wpływ Właściwości Fizykochemicznych Zmielonych Granulowanych Żużli Wielkopiecowych Na Kształtowanie Się Wskaźnika Aktywności

On the use of the Jander equation in cement hydration modelling

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