Outcrop scale reservoir characterisation and flow modelling of CO2 injection in the tsunami and the barrier island—Tidal inlet reservoirs of the Camarillas Fm. (Galve sub-basin, Teruel, NE Spain)

Abstract

The Camarillas Fm. of Lower Cretaceous (Spain) is a potentially good candidate for CO 2 storage because of its reservoir properties and its geographical location. In this study, we examined two sandstones bodies of the Camarillas Fm. in the province of Cuencas Mineras. This study does not examine or appraise the storage capacity of the Camarillas Fm. per se, but rather presents a low-cost approach for investigating the dynamic behaviour of sandstone bodies within the Camarillas Fm., determined at outcrop scales. The porosity and permeability models of each sandstone body, the tsunami deposit at the bottom and the barrier island-tidal inlet deposit at the top, supplied two independent reservoir models reflecting different sedimentary processes. The injection rate per day (maximum 200 and 400 sm³/day) and the total amount of injected CO 2 (maximum of 116,000 sm³, ~200 t) were very low in comparison with an in industrial site. Despite of the relative low average permeability measured from plugs (0.1-20 mD), both can serve as a reservoir and stored 50-60% of injected CO 2 by residual and dissolution trapping over 7.5 years. The total volume of CO 2 as gas phase in the reservoir (140-240 rm³) at the end of simulation represented less than 1% of reservoir volume. The dissolution of CO 2 reached 40% of total injected CO 2 , where the injection point was in zones of 1-3 m-thick. The cases with the injector well located in zones of 6-7 m-thick, the CO 2 dissolution was 16-19%. The injection using a lower but constant and invariable flow rate without break slightly improved the CO 2 storage (dissolution and residual trapping), principally in cases with the injection in thicker zones, where 4% more CO 2 was stored. At the scale of this study (sub-metric), the Manuscript Click here to download Manuscript: CamarillasFmOutcro CO2injection.docx Click here to view linked References thickness of reservoir has great impact on the amount of CO 2 dissolution in the zone close to the injector well.

Petrographic and Petrophysical Characterization of Detrital Reservoir Rocks for CO2 Geological Storage (Utrillas and Escucha Sandstones, Northern Spain)

“…The study of the target Utrillas and Escucha sandstones by means of OpM, SEM, OIA, XRD and XRF allowed us to thoroughly assess their petrographic characteristics. On the other hand, the applied petrophysical measurements yielded detailed information about the pore space configuration and the facility of fluid flow through the studied rocks [35,36]. This data provides fundamental input for further storage capacity and injectivity assessment at rock matrix scale.…”