Outdoor thermal comfort and adaptive behaviors in the residential public open spaces of winter cities during the marginal season

Li, Hong; Liang, Shuang; Yuan, Qing

doi:10.1007/s00484-019-01709-x

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Previous research has shown that thermal conditions have less influence on the use of a town square where people pass through or make a short stop, in comparison to a park used as a resting place (Thorsson et al 2007). Thermal sensation, however, is subjective and is affected by various factors, such as clothing, activity pattern, attitudes, previous experiences, expectations and perceived control (Bosselmann et al 1995;Chen and Ng 2012;Knez et al 2009;Leng et al 2019;Lenzholzer 2010;Nikolopoulou and Steemers 2003). Mainly sunshine, but also snowfall and snow-covered ground were perceived to act as enablers to peoples use of public spaces in winter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As local meteorological conditions have been shown to be a major determinant of people's decision-making about softmobility (Amiri and Sadeghpour 2015;Chapman et al 2017;Ebrahimabadi et al 2015;Eliasson et al 2007), a key premise of this work is that interactions between the built environment and meteorological conditions play central roles in determining how people perceive and decide to visit public spaces. A variety of social and physical factors also influence people's perceptions and use of urban space (Chen and Ng 2012;Knez et al 2009;Leng et al 2019;Lenzholzer 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived impact of meteorological conditions on the use of public space in winter settlements

Larsson

Chapman

2020

Int J Biometeorol

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This study aimed to assess the impact of meteorological conditions on the use of public space in Scandinavia and Canada. Between September 21 and December 18, 2017, a cross-sectional online survey 'EAMQ-Climate: space' was distributed via web-based platforms. Survey responses were received from 361 residents (258 people from Scandinavia and 103 from Canada). The relative impact of the meteorological determinants on the use of public space was calculated, and a factor analysis was performed. Disparities between Canada and Scandinavia as well as between the climate zones represented were analysed using ANOVA. Overall results showed that the most significant meteorological enablers for the use of outdoor public spaces in winter were solar gain, snowfall and snow-covered surfaces. The main barriers were slush-covered and icy surfaces, rainfall and darkness. Wind and cold were conditions with less influence. The impact of rain and ice, however, differed between climatic zones. It was also established that, when addressing the meteorological impact on avoiding the use of public spaces in winter, it is vital to discriminate between conditions related to a) the ground surface and b) ambient conditions, as well as the particular significance of c) snow and sun, and d) darkness. For the design of public space in winter cities, we conclude that designers need to focus on a wider range of weather conditions than sun, wind and cold, and include snow, rainfall, slushy and icy ground and poor visibility. The study suggests that winter public space has a higher climatic design requirement to be successful than streets and pathways that are mainly used for soft mobility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived impact of meteorological conditions on the use of public space in winter settlements

Larsson

Chapman

2020

Int J Biometeorol

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“…Although the majority of the work has focused on temperate (Nikolopoulou et al 2001;Thorsson et al 2004;Eliasson et al 2007;Fontes et al 2008) and warm (Nikolopoulou and Lykoudis 2007;Lin 2009;Aljawabra and Nikolopoulou 2010;Lin et al 2013;Chen et al 2015) climates, even the limited work on cold climates has linked attendance and use of public space to microclimatic conditions (Zacharias et al 2001;Larsson and Chapman 2020;Leng et al 2020).…”

Section: Use Of Space and Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…changing of clothing in different conditions. For example, research has highlighted the seasonal variation of clothing (Aljawabra andNikolopoulou 2010, 2018;de Vet 2017;Leng et al 2020), and as a direct function of temperature (Nikolopoulou et al 2001;Nikolopoulou 2004;Nikolopoulou and Lykoudis 2006;Yahia and Johansson 2013;Aljawabra and Nikolopoulou 2018;Lai et al 2020).…”

Section: Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Comfort in Urban Spaces

Nikolopoulou

2021

Urban Microclimate Modelling for Comfort and Energy Studies

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“…The term "cold-climate city" was first proposed at the International Urban Forum in Edmonton, Canada, in 1986, and defined as a city with an average temperature lower than 0°C in January and latitude higher than 45° [1]. Then, to avoid the latitude limit, the Canadian researcher Norman Pressmen defined the cold-climate city as a city where the maximum daytime temperature is lower than 0°C for 2 months or more in a year [2]. In China, scholars are accustomed to using the "Code for thermal design of civil buildings (GB 50176-2016)" promulgated by the National Standardization Management Committee to determine the climatic zoning, which divides the area into 5 categories: severe cold, cold, hot summer and cold winter, hot summer and warm winter, and mild.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Cycling Network Planning and Design in Chinese Cold-Climate Cities

Cai

Pei

2021

IEEE Access

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Bicycle use is an important measure to promote energy saving in the urban transportation field and reduce the environmental deterioration caused by motorized vehicle development in both warmand cold-climate cities. However, the severe winter climate makes it harder to set up bicycle lanes in coldclimate cities than in other cities. Considering international and Chinese practice, this paper analyzes bicycle travel characteristics in cold-climate cities, summarizes bicycle development patterns and proposes corresponding development strategies. The paper reviews the research status of cycling network planning and design in cold-climate cities in China and worldwide and summarizes the relevant methods that can be used in China. The results showed that compared with other seasons, in winter, the bicycle share rate of Chinese cold-climate cities decreases significantly, and the larger the temperature difference is, the greater the decrease is. In addition, the bicycle traffic flow is volatile and does not strictly maintain a regular straight line. It is necessary to select bicycle traffic development patterns and formulate corresponding strategies according to bicycle travel characteristics. Temperature and wind are two climatic factors that need special attention when planning cycling networks in cold-climate cities. The consideration of solar radiation and electric bicycles is beneficial for optimizing the design of bicycle lane width in cold-climate cities. Isolation forms can be selected according to the bicycle development patterns. The pavement materials, maintenance technology and colored bicycle lanes with anti-freezing function are very important to improve the comfort and safety of bicycle lanes.INDEX TERMS bicycles, cold-climate cities, development patterns, network layout, space design.

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Outdoor thermal comfort and adaptive behaviors in the residential public open spaces of winter cities during the marginal season

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

Perceived impact of meteorological conditions on the use of public space in winter settlements

Perceived impact of meteorological conditions on the use of public space in winter settlements

Thermal Comfort in Urban Spaces

Review of the Cycling Network Planning and Design in Chinese Cold-Climate Cities

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