Outdoor thermal comfort during winter in China's cold regions: A comparative study

An, Le; Hong, Bo; Cui, Xue; Geng, Yubo; Ma, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144464

Cited by 54 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Furthermore, the availability of measuring instruments and their evaluation methods in various regions during research also play an important role [11]. For example, An Le and Bo Hong used the same meteorological measurement methods and questionnaires to compare the thermal comfort of the outdoor spaces in three representative cities in cold regions, and an acceptable temperature deviation [12]. Nazanin Nasrollahi used ENVI-met to simulate the thermal comfort performance under different configurations and combinations of traditional Iranian courtyards in hot and arid areas, and found that the most effective parameters affecting the thermal comfort of courtyards in this area are the mean radiation temperature and wind speed [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation on the Thermal Environment of Residential Courtyards in the Cold Area of Western Sichuan Plateau

Cheng

Huang

et al. 2022

Buildings

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Located on the east side of China’s Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is the Western Sichuan Plateau, the courtyard adopts a passive design to withstand the harsh climate in cold areas, and its internal thermal environment has a direct impact on the productivity and activities of the residents. This paper takes a plateau village (3500 m above sea level) beside the Sichuan–Tibet line as the research area, and selects four typical local courtyard layouts and an outdoor reference point for the measurement and comparison of the thermal environment. By comparing the measured parameters inside and outside the courtyard, and the correlation analysis, it was deduced as follows. (1) In the cold winter, traditional plateau residential courtyards can create a stable internal micro-climate, but the cold resistance of the courtyards is closely related to its layout. (2) Except for wind speed, other thermal environment parameters of the courtyard are all affected by solar radiation (3) The correlation analysis of the various environmental parameters and physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) showed that the correlation coefficient between the mean radiation temperature (Tmrt) and all courtyard PET values is <0.0001, showing a significant correlation. The indicators of mean temperature radiation are mainly affected by the temperature and the wind speed; furthermore, the temperature and solar radiation are positively correlated, which confirms that the solar radiation and wind speed within the courtyard are the main factors affecting the internal thermal environment in the courtyard. (4) Feedback the courtyard layout problems through the difference in the thermal environment parameters within different courtyards, and then determine some shortcomings in the current courtyard layout design. The inferences drawn from this work will provide a scientific basis for the design, layout, and construction of courtyards in other cold plateau areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation on the Thermal Environment of Residential Courtyards in the Cold Area of Western Sichuan Plateau

Cheng

Huang

et al. 2022

Buildings

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“…Further, we combined the results of the TAR and NUTCIR and discussed the difference between their predicted and actual comfort ranges ( Figure 11 ). In most studies, the difference between the intervals of the TAR and NUTCIR was not significant, such as that observed in studies conducted on Beijing and Xi'an ( 80 ). Notably, the upper limits of TAR in the coastal park and commercial street of Dalian were both significantly higher than the upper limit of the NUTCIR, which was similar to the results of the study conducted on Guangzhou ( 71 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Previous studies have proven that the variations in the NUTCIs of the cities in the same climate zone may be significant, depending on the study scope, method, season, and background climate ( 80 ) ( Appendix E , Table E1 ). The findings of the present study were compared to those of the previous studies conducted during the same season and using the same method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial differences in thermal comfort in summer in coastal areas: A study on Dalian, China

Zhang

Guo

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Thermal comfort is an important indicator for evaluating the environment of urban public space, and appropriate thermal comfort can effectively prolong the duration of outdoor activities. In the existing studies, there is a lack of thermal comfort comparison between hot spots and cold spots. In this study, we selected the coastal city of Dalian in China as our study area and conducted field investigations on the thermal comfort of two landmark resorts, namely, a downtown commercial street and coastal leisure park. The study was conducted on typical summer days and consisted of interviewing several residents to understand their thermal comfort requirements. We investigated the thermal expectations of the interviewees through meteorological measurements and questionnaires. The universal thermal climate index (UTCI) was used to determine the thermal benchmarks of the on-site subjects. The results indicated that (1) globe temperature and air temperature were the most important factors that affected thermal comfort, followed by relative humidity and wind speed in summer daytime. (2) Shaded spaces are more comfortable than open spaces, and tree shade is preferred over artificial shade in coastal park. (3) The neutral UTCI (NUTCI) of the respondents were 24.1°C (coastal park) and 26.0°C (commercial street); the neutral UTCI ranges (NUTCIR) were 20.8–27.4°C (coastal park) and 23.3–28.7°C (commercial street). (4) The upper thermal acceptable range limits of the coastal park and commercial street were 30.2 and 32.1°C, respectively, which were substantially higher than the upper NUTCIR limit, indicating that the residents in Dalian were well-adapted to hot weather. The results can provide a good reference for determining ideal design strategies to optimize the thermal environment of urban outdoor recreation spaces in summers and improve the quality of life in coastal cities.

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“…The meteorological parameters T a , RH, V, G, T mrt , and others, and the basic attributes of the subjects, i.e., height, weight, age, sex, clothing thermal resistance, and metabolic rate, were input to the RayMan model. The UTCI was calculated in steps of 0.5 h [30,[57][58][59][60][61].…”

Section: Thermal Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Cold Stress and Cold Risk for Children during Winter: A Study in China’s Severe Cold Regions

Shao

Tang

et al. 2022

Buildings

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This study uses the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) and whole-body and local cooling assessment to determine the thermal benchmarks and cold risk for children in China’s severe cold regions. The relevant measurements and survey were conducted in four open spaces at a children’s park in Harbin, China. The findings of the study are as follows: (1) In winter, solar radiation and global temperature affects winter thermal sensation in male and female children the most. (2) Female children have a lower neutral UTCI (6.0 °C) than male children (7.3 °C), and female children have lower upper and lower thresholds of the neutral UTCI range (1.3–13.4 °C) than male children (0.6–14.1 °C). (3) Children who engaged in light-intensity activities, were exposed to cold winds, and touched cold surfaces with their bare fingers are at risk of whole-body and local cooling. (4) Children prefer exercising (PFemale = 35.5%, PMale = 48.3%) and moving to sunshine for thermal adaptation (PFemale = 31.1%, PMale = 26.4%). (5) Winter travel guidelines, cold-risk-prevention measures, and safety guidelines for winter outdoor activities are proposed. The results provide references for the design of open spaces in urban parks in China’s severe cold regions.

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Outdoor thermal comfort during winter in China's cold regions: A comparative study

Cited by 54 publications

References 80 publications

An Investigation on the Thermal Environment of Residential Courtyards in the Cold Area of Western Sichuan Plateau

An Investigation on the Thermal Environment of Residential Courtyards in the Cold Area of Western Sichuan Plateau

Spatial differences in thermal comfort in summer in coastal areas: A study on Dalian, China

Outdoor Cold Stress and Cold Risk for Children during Winter: A Study in China’s Severe Cold Regions

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