Outdoor thermal comfort enhancement using various vegetation species and materials (case study: Delgosha Garden, Iran)

Gachkar, Darya; Taghvaei, Seyed Hassan; Norouzian-Maleki, Saeid

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2021.103309

Cited by 38 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…This study found no correlation between albedo and other climatic variables such as surface and ambient air temperature, so it is considered a technical limitation. This finding was more in line with prior studies [51][52][53], which found that materials with a low albedo may provide the best thermal conditions, and that increasing the albedo of materials does not have a significant impact on enhancing thermal performance.…”

Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 90%

Investigating the Spatial Autocorrelation of Surface-Air Temperature for Different Ground Materials in Hot Desert Climate

Gomaa

Ragab

2022

The Egyptian International Journal of Engineering Sciences and

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Several studies have been conducted in recent decades to investigate how different pavements affect the microclimate conditions and thermal comfort for humans. However, few studies explore how different ground materials are associated with surface and air temperature spatially. This paper examines and quantifies the micro-scale influence of various ground surface materials on the microclimate conditions in a hot desert climate, like Aswan City. This study applied several methods and techniques such as; on-site measurements, a statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate regression models, and advanced spatial statistics techniques that control for spatial autocorrelation. The key findings of this research reveal that the mean values differed significantly from one material to another. The mean air temperatures ranged from 25.47°C to 41.4°C at the grass and the asphalt respectively, while the highest mean value for surface temperature was recorded above the asphalt (50.27°C), and the lowest value was with a mean value of 22.31°C above the grass. Alternatively, based on the spatial analysis, the results of the IDW interpolation show that the lowest mean air temperature is above the grass (26.03°C), while the highest temperature can be observed over the asphalt (42.27°C). In terms of surface temperature, the lowest and highest temperatures were recorded above the grass and asphalt (19.52°C and 50.32°C). There were no substantial differences between the IDW interpolation results, and the results obtained from the measured data. Thus, using spatial interpolation of point data values can be an effective tool to generate detailed spatially continuous temperature maps. The research findings can be utilized to develop effective mitigation strategies to enhance urban microclimate in hot desert regions by using passive approaches of decreasing temperatures.

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Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 90%

Investigating the Spatial Autocorrelation of Surface-Air Temperature for Different Ground Materials in Hot Desert Climate

Gomaa

Ragab

2022

The Egyptian International Journal of Engineering Sciences and

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“…An important reason for this is the albedo of these materials. Albedo is the magnitude of the portion of the total incident solar radiation that is reflected by an object and not absorbed and has a value in the range of 0-1 [84]. Asphalt pavement, now commonly used, is a typical low-albedo material that absorbs a large amount of heat in response to solar radiation, causing the surface temperature to rise.…”

Section: Materials Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Applying cool materials to roofing or building surfaces produces the same effect. Moreover, statistical analysis has found that when low-albedo materials such as concrete and asphalt are exposed to solar radiation, the surface temperature and UHII of the surrounding area rise, and the PET index increases [84,112,113]. Thus, urban surface materials directly exposed to solar radiation increase the diffuse emission, reflection, and surface temperature, which affects OTC.…”

Section: Materials Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Impacts of Urban Heat Islands on Outdoor Thermal Comfort

Ren

Shi

et al. 2023

Buildings

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The worsening urban heat island (UHI) effect poses a great challenge to the thermal comfort of people outdoors. However, there has not been a summary of the mechanisms by which UHI affects outdoor thermal comfort (OTC). This paper reviews the commonly used OTC evaluation indexes, data collection methods, and mitigation measures and discusses the relationship between UHI and OTC. The review is limited to peer-reviewed journal publications found in five databases: Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. The review results indicate that physiological equivalent temperature (PET), universal thermal climate index (UTCI), and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) are the most widely used indexes in outdoor thermal comfort studies. The data collection methods mainly include questionnaire surveys, measurement, simulation, and formula calculation. There are four main approaches to mitigating the UHI effect in order to improve the comfort of people outdoors: vegetation strategies, water strategies, urban planning strategies, and material strategies. Future research can focus on developing OTC research methods and indexes and combine thermal comfort with visual comfort, auditory comfort, etc. to better evaluate the overall comfort.

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“…Wang and Akbari [34] found that a 10% increase in urban vegetation cover reduced the mean radiant temperature (T mrt ) by up to 8.3 K. Abdi et al [35] found that a rectangular planting pattern, the combination of evergreen and deciduous trees, and plantings perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction were the most beneficial to improving the outdoor thermal environment on campus. Gachkar et al [36] concluded that trees with tall trunks in summer and a high albedo in winter were the best planting strategies in Iran. Yang et al [37] found that tall trees were more beneficial to improving the outdoor thermal environment than shrubs and grass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effects of Different Improvement Strategies for the Outdoor Thermal Environment at a University Campus in the Summer: A Case Study in Northern China

Liu

2022

Buildings

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A lack of consideration of outdoor spaces of universities has resulted in lower outdoor thermal comfort in summer. This study investigates the thermal comfort of outdoor spaces of a university in summer and proposes the model’s accuracy and optimization strategies to improve the outdoor thermal environment, including vegetation greening, building morphology, and surface albedo. The ENVI-met program was used for the simulation. The measured data were utilized to verify the accuracy of the simulation model. The typical meteorological year data were applied as the inlet boundary condition of the optimized case. The simulation results show that vegetation greening has the most significant effect on improving the outdoor thermal environment. At a greening rate of 45%, the air temperature (Ta), mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), and physiological equivalent temperature (PET) in the study area were 3.2 °C, 14.4 °C, and 6.9 °C lower, respectively, than that in the base case. In areas shaded by building, the Ta, Tmrt, and PET were 2 °C, 8.7 °C, and 5.5 °C lower, respectively, than that in the base case. Increasing the height of buildings did not significantly improve thermal comfort when the height-to-width ratio (H/W) exceeded 1.0. Increasing the ground albedo from 0.2 (base case) to 0.6 can reduce the Ta by 1.44 °C but increase the Tmrt by 3.7 °C and the PET by 4.3 °C. These findings can be used by urban planners to develop sustainable cities and improve thermal comfort on university campuses.

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Outdoor thermal comfort enhancement using various vegetation species and materials (case study: Delgosha Garden, Iran)

Cited by 38 publications

References 86 publications

Investigating the Spatial Autocorrelation of Surface-Air Temperature for Different Ground Materials in Hot Desert Climate

Investigating the Spatial Autocorrelation of Surface-Air Temperature for Different Ground Materials in Hot Desert Climate

A Review on the Impacts of Urban Heat Islands on Outdoor Thermal Comfort

Evaluating the Effects of Different Improvement Strategies for the Outdoor Thermal Environment at a University Campus in the Summer: A Case Study in Northern China

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