Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) of Gram-negative Bacteria: A Perspective Update

Jan, Arif Tasleem

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01053

Cited by 489 publications

(447 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Another communication mode was recently described: extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nowadays accepted to enable communication between host cells and bacteria, and C. acnes was recently described as a producer of EVs . Moreover, Choi et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes diversity loss: a trigger for skin inflammatory process

Dagnelie

Corvec²,

Saint‐Jean

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Acne has long been understood as a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous follicle, where Cutibacterium acnes (subdivided into six main phylotypes) is a crucial factor. In parallel, the loss of microbial diversity among the skin commensal communities has recently been shown as often accompanied by inflammatory skin disorders. Objective This study investigated the association of C. acnes phylotype diversity loss and the impact on Innate Immune System (IIS) activation. Methods The IIS response of skin after incubation with phylotypes IA1, II or III individually and with the combination of IA1 + II + III phylotypes, was studied in an in vitro skin explant system. The inflammatory response was monitored by immunohistochemistry and ELISA assays, targeting a selection of Innate Immune Markers (IIMs) (IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐17, TGF‐β). Results IIMs were significantly upregulated in skin when being incubated with phylotype IA1 alone compared with the combination IA1 + II + III. In parallel, ELISA assays confirmed these results in supernatants for IL‐17, IL‐8 and IL‐10. Conclusion We identify the loss of C. acnes phylotype diversity as a trigger for IIS activation, leading to cutaneous inflammation. These innovative data underline the possibility to set up new approaches to treat acne. Indeed, maintaining the balance between the different phylotypes of C. acnes may be an interesting target for the development of drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes diversity loss: a trigger for skin inflammatory process

Dagnelie

Corvec²,

Saint‐Jean

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…The list of RNA viruses that have acquired a cellular envelope continues to grow Feng et al, 2013;McKnight et al, 2017). New concepts in bacterial vesicular transport might be consistent the close evolutionary link between the eukaryotic RNA virus polymerases and bacterial retroelements (Jan, 2017;Kuehn and Kesty, 2005).…”

Section: New Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade of RNA virus metagenomics is (not) enough

2018

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It is hard to overemphasize the role that metagenomics has had on our recent understanding of RNA virus diversity. Metagenomics in the 21st century has brought with it an explosion in the number of RNA virus species, genera, and families far exceeding that following the discovery of the microscope in the 18th century for eukaryotic life or culture media in the 19th century for bacteriology or the 20th century for virology. When the definition of success in organism discovery is measured by sequence diversity and evolutionary distance, RNA viruses win. This review explores the history of RNA virus metagenomics, reasons for the successes so far in RNA virus metagenomics, and methodological concerns. In addition, the review briefly covers clinical metagenomics and environmental metagenomics and highlights some of the critical accomplishments that have defined the fast pace of RNA virus discoveries in recent years. Slightly more than a decade in, the field is exhausted from its discoveries but knows that there is yet even more out there to be found.

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“…In addition to comprising parts of the membrane, OMVs are composed of bacterial proteins, LPS, fatty acids, nucleic acids, peptidoglycan fragments, fimbriae, adhesins, capsule, and species‐specific virulence factors, such as cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), leukotoxin (LtxA), and gingipain . Outer membrane vesicles are important both in bacteria–bacteria and bacteria–host interactions . They utilize multiple means to enter the host cells and deliver their cargo .…”

Section: Other Bacterial Antigens As Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediators between oral dysbiosis and cardiovascular diseases

Pietiäinen

Liljestrand

Kopra

et al. 2018

European J Oral Sciences

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Clinical periodontitis is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) through systemic inflammation as the etiopathogenic link. Whether the oral microbiota, especially its quality, quantity, serology, and virulence factors, plays a role in atherogenesis is not clarified. Patients with periodontitis are exposed to bacteria and their products, which have access to the circulation directly through inflamed oral tissues and indirectly (via saliva) through the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in systemic inflammatory and immunologic responses. Periodontitis is associated with persistent endotoxemia, which has been identified as a notable cardiometabolic risk factor. The serology of bacterial biomarkers for oral dysbiosis is associated with an increased risk for subclinical atherosclerosis, prevalent and future coronary artery disease, and incident and recurrent stroke. In addition to species-specific antibodies, the immunologic response includes persistent, cross-reactive, proatherogenic antibodies against host-derived antigens. Periodontitis may affect lipoprotein metabolism at all levels, and all lipoprotein classes are affected. Periodontitis or its bacterial signatures may be involved not only in increased storage of proatherogenic lipids but also in attenuation of the anti-atherogenic processes, thereby putatively increasing the net risk of atherosclerosis. In this review we summarize possible molecular mediators between the dysbiotic oral microbiota and atherosclerotic processes.

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Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) of Gram-negative Bacteria: A Perspective Update

Cited by 489 publications

References 125 publications

Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes diversity loss: a trigger for skin inflammatory process

Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes diversity loss: a trigger for skin inflammatory process

A decade of RNA virus metagenomics is (not) enough

Mediators between oral dysbiosis and cardiovascular diseases

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