Outflow and inflow in movement duplication

Jones, Bill

doi:10.3758/bf03212850

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This finding is in marked contrast to those reported by Jones (1972Jones ( , 1974, who found a significant difference in AE between the active and constrained groups. This discrepancy with the Jones data can be explained if one considers the role of strategy mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…In summary, these results suggest that a major difference in terms of codability between the active and constrained conditions observed in the Jones (1972Jones ( . 1974 experiments may have been due to an absence of strategy in the constrained condition since.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This discrepancy with the Jones data can be explained if one considers the role of strategy mentioned above. Jones (1972Jones ( , 1974 failed to control for encoding strategy in his active and constrained conditions. Since subjects in his active condition moved ts:> a distance of their choice while subjects in his constrained condition simply moved to a stop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Encoding of kinesthetic extent information

Roy

Diewert

1975

Perception & Psychophysics

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The difference in codability of kinesthetic extent cues for experimenter-determined vs. subject-determined standards was investigated. The task involved moving a slide along a linear track a distance of one-half the total distance of the track. This distance (the standard) was then reproduced. During the presentation of the standard, reaction time to an auditory probe was recorded. One group of subjects determined their own standard (active condition), while the other group moved the slide to a stop located at the standard distance (constrained condition). All subjects were told that the standard was one-half the total distance. A more active encoding process was hypothesized to occur in the active condition which would be reflected in increased reaction time to the probe. The results did not support the attention hypothesis, in that probe reaction times were not significantly different for the two groups. Rather, the data suggested that the important variable in determining the codability of extent cues was the availability of a strategy and not whether the experimenter or the subject determined the standard.The cod ability of kinesthetic information has been of interest to psychologists for a long time (e.g., Leuba , 1909; Woodworth, 1899). However, not until the last two decades have the sensory cues subserving kinesthesis been isolated and investigated in detail (e.g .. Bahrick, 1957;Marteniuk& Roy, 1972; Posner, 1967). Two spatial cues involved in kinesthesis have received special attention: the extent or distance of movement of a limb and the spatial location of the limb. Extent of movement refers to the distance through which a limb is moved, while location refers to the position in space the limb occupies. In general, the methodology which has been used to investigate these cues is a variation of the psychophysical method of average error in which the subject is presented a standard movement (0 by moving a slide with his limb (usually his arm) from a starting position to a terminal position and back. He is then required to reprod uce C.Using this method, it is possible to isolate the cues of extent and position so that they can be examined independently.If the subject reproduces C as it was presented. he has both location and extent information about C. In order to isolate these two cues. it is necessary to change the starting position from that used in C when the subject is asked to reproduce C. The ability of the subject to remember Appreciation is extended to Dr. G. E. MacKinnon for helpful suggestions. Requests for reprints should be sent to Eric Roy. Department of Psychology. University of Waterloo. Waterloo. Ontario. Canada N2L 3G I.the extent of C is examined by having him reproduce only the extent ofC from the new starting location. In this case, location cues are unreliable. Alternately. location information about C can be examined by having the subject reproduce the position his arm was in at the terminal position of C from the new starting location. In this case, extent cues are unreliable.A ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Encoding of kinesthetic extent information

Roy

Diewert

1975

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Although Laabs (1973) and Keele and Ells (1972) have provided evidence for proprioceptive location information requiring central processing capacity, Jones (1972Jones ( , 1974 has argued, using a fast linear positioning task, that the primary mode of storage in STMM is the central monitoring of efferent commands (CME) to the muscles. The CME has been equated to the subject's ability to preset the movement extent and hence does not apply to constrained movements which are not thought to access central mechanisms (Jones, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may well be that these differential findings have occurred as a result of preselected movements being represented in memory differently than movements terminated by a stop. This position has been adopted by Jones (1972Jones ( , 1974 using a task in which the subjects were instructed to move "as quickly as possible". Only preselected movements were well retained over a short-term interval, while constrained movements decayed spontaneously and were not subject to interference from interpolated verbal activity.…”

Section: Preselection and Response Biasing In Short-term Motor Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%