Outflow of gas from a severely underexpanded nozzle in opposition to a hypersonic flow

Vasil'kov, A. P.; Murzinov, I. N.

doi:10.1007/bf01019969

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…If PR and jet diameter further increase in SPM , the jet size also increases in axial as well as in lateral directions. 174,175,176 This helps to move the shock wave farther away from the body. The reattachment point is pushed outward, that weakens the reattached shock, causing a drop in pressure and temperature at the reattachment point.…”

Section: Active Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of wave drag reduction techniques: Advances in active, passive, and hybrid flow control

Rashid

Nawaz

Maqsood

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Typical challenges of supersonic flight include wave drag, acoustic signature, and aerodynamic heating due to the formation of shock waves ahead of the vehicle. Efforts in the form of sleek aerodynamic designs, better propulsion systems, and the implementation of passive and active techniques are generally adopted to achieve a weaker shock wave system. Shock reduction can improve flight range, reduce fuel consumption, and provide thermal protection of the forebody region. This paper briefly reviews shock reduction techniques, including passive, active, and hybrid flow control. Airfoil shape optimization, mechanical spike, and forebody cavities are studied as passive flow control approaches. For active flow control, developments in the area of opposing jets and energy deposition are explored. The combination of active and passive flow control and the hybrid flow techniques are discussed in the end. The discussions include the principle of operation, physics of fluid behavior, and overall contribution to flight stability characteristics. The implications in the usage of these technologies, along with potential gaps, are also identified. This comprehensive review can serve as the basis for contemporary solutions to realize sustainable supersonic travel for the aviation industry.

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Section: Active Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of wave drag reduction techniques: Advances in active, passive, and hybrid flow control

Rashid

Nawaz

Maqsood

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Figure 5a illustrates the macroscopic features of the SPM. As both and orifice area increase in the SPM, the size of the Mach cell increases in axial and lateral directions [139,[141][142][143]. This pushes the interface and the fore shock further away from the vehicle.…”

Section: Principle Of Operation Of Counterflow Jetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forebody shock control devices for drag and aero-heating reduction: A comprehensive survey with a practical perspective

Ahmed

Qin

2020

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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One key feature that distinguishes the flowfield around vehicles flying in supersonic and hypersonic regimes is the bow shock wave ahead of forebody. The severe drag and aeroheating impacting these vehicles can be significantly reduced if the bow shock wave ahead of the vehicles forebodies is controlled to yield weaker system of oblique shocks. Benefits of forebody shock control include increasing flight ranges, economizing fuel consumption, reducing dead weights, and thermally protecting forebody structure and onboard equipment. Forebody shock control that has been widely studied since the early 1900s is achievable in numerous techniques that vary according to the mechanism of control. While some of these techniques have already been implemented in real systems, other techniques involve serious complications and tough trade-offs. The present paper is intended to serve as the first comprehensive survey on the field of forebody shock control devices. The objectives of the present paper are multifold. The paper categorizes the various forebody shock control devices in a physics-based manner, explains the underlying physics for each device, and surveys the key studies and state-of-the-art knowledge. The paper also addresses the existing gaps in knowledge, highlights the existing systems implementing these devices, and discusses the associated practical implementation issues and design-tradeoffs. 2. Structural devices, the mechanical spikes: 2.1. Principle of operation of mechanical spikes Drag and Aeroheating Reduction Devices Fluidic Devices Opposing jets Structural Devices Mechanical spikes Energetic Devices Energy deposition Basic devices Structural-Fluidic Devices Structural-Energetic Devices Hybrid devices

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Fluidic techniques

Gerdroodbary¹

2023

Aerodynamic Heating in Supersonic and Hypersonic Flows

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Outflow of gas from a severely underexpanded nozzle in opposition to a hypersonic flow

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Review of wave drag reduction techniques: Advances in active, passive, and hybrid flow control

Review of wave drag reduction techniques: Advances in active, passive, and hybrid flow control

Forebody shock control devices for drag and aero-heating reduction: A comprehensive survey with a practical perspective

Fluidic techniques

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