Outgassing Environment of Spacecraft: An Overview

Jiao, Zilong; Jiang, Lixiang; Sun, Junbo; Huang, Jianguo; Zhu, Yunfei

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/611/1/012071

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The total mass loss (TML) of the CubeSats was measured to be 4 g, and the TML was 0.36% of the total mass of Timon and was 0.16% of the total mass of Pumbaa. These values are below the TML requirement of 1% to prevent contamination in a high-vacuum space environment [27].…”

Section: Thermal Vacuum and Cycling Test: Space Environmentmentioning

confidence: 76%

Novel Structure and Thermal Design and Analysis for CubeSats in Formation Flying

2021

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The CANYVAL-C (CubeSat Astronomy by NASA and Yonsei using a virtual telescope alignment for coronagraph) is a space science demonstration mission that involves taking several images of the solar corona with two CubeSats—1U CubeSat (Timon) and 2U CubeSat (Pumbaa)—in formation flying. In this study, we developed and evaluated structural and thermal designs of the CubeSats Timon and Pumbaa through finite element analyses, considering the nonlinearity effects of the nylon wire of the deployable solar panels installed in Pumbaa. On-orbit thermal analyses were performed with an accurate analytical model for a visible camera on Timon and a micro propulsion system on Pumbaa, which has a narrow operating temperature range. Finally, the analytical models were correlated for enhancing the reliability of the numerical analysis. The test results indicated that the CubeSats are structurally safe with respect to the launch environment and can activate each component under the space thermal environment. The natural frequency of the nylon wire for the deployable solar panels was found to increase significantly as the wire was tightened strongly. The conditions of the thermal vacuum and cycling testing were implemented in the thermal analytical model, which reduced the differences between the analysis and testing.

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Section: Thermal Vacuum and Cycling Test: Space Environmentmentioning

confidence: 76%

Novel Structure and Thermal Design and Analysis for CubeSats in Formation Flying

2021

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“…Jiao et al [69] indicated that the process of outgassing in space is a unique phenomenon in space instruments that can cause negative impacts on scientific exploration missions, high-voltage devices, and spacecraft optical systems. According to the authors, to Jiao et al [69] indicated that the process of outgassing in space is a unique phenomenon in space instruments that can cause negative impacts on scientific exploration missions, high-voltage devices, and spacecraft optical systems. According to the authors, to mitigate the negative impact caused by outgassing, there is a need to develop a transient and longterm physical model of outgassing.…”

Section: Product Innovation and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The finite element method had higher confidence in the calculated results hence offering more information than the data obtained for the shock tests. Jiao et al [69] also found that establishing a transient and long-term physical model of outgassing can help obtain the outgassing characteristics of different products. This shows that using innovation to develop new or improve the existing product designs helps increase the reliability of the space instruments.…”

Section: Product Design and Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Product Design for Space Instrument Innovation, Reliability, and Manufacturing

Yung

Tang

et al. 2021

Machines

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The design and development of space instruments are considered to be distinct from that of other products. It is because the key considerations are vastly different from those that govern the use of products on planet earth. The service life of a space instrument, its use in extreme space environments, size, weight, cost, and the complexity of maintenance must all be considered. As a result, more innovative ideas and resource support are required to assist mankind in space exploration. This article reviews the impact of product design and innovation on the development of space instruments. Using a systematic literature search review and classification, we have identified over 129 papers and finally selected 48 major articles dealing with space instrument product innovation design. According to the studies, it is revealed that product design and functional performance is the main research focuses on the studied articles. The studies also highlighted various factors that affect space instrument manufacturing or fabrication, and that innovativeness is also the key in the design of space instruments. Lastly, the product design is important to affect the reliability of the space instrument. This review study provides important information and key considerations for the development of smart manufacturing technologies for space instruments in the future.

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“…The dimming effect observed in the channels is due to the temporal degradation of EUV instruments in space that is also known to diminish the overall instrument sensitivity with time (e.g., BenMoussa et al 2013). The possible causes include either the outgassing of organic materials in the telescope struc-ture, which may deposit on the optical elements (Jiao et al 2019), or the decrease in detector sensitivity due to exposure to EUV radiation from the Sun.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel autocalibration for the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly using machine learning

Santos

Bose

Salvatelli

et al. 2021

A&A

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Context. Solar activity plays a quintessential role in affecting the interplanetary medium and space weather around Earth. Remote-sensing instruments on board heliophysics space missions provide a pool of information about solar activity by measuring the solar magnetic field and the emission of light from the multilayered, multithermal, and dynamic solar atmosphere. Extreme-UV (EUV) wavelength observations from space help in understanding the subtleties of the outer layers of the Sun, that is, the chromosphere and the corona. Unfortunately, instruments such as the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), suffer from time-dependent degradation that reduces their sensitivity. The current best calibration techniques rely on flights of sounding rockets to maintain absolute calibration. These flights are infrequent, complex, and limited to a single vantage point, however. Aims. We aim to develop a novel method based on machine learning (ML) that exploits spatial patterns on the solar surface across multiwavelength observations to autocalibrate the instrument degradation. Methods. We established two convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures that take either single-channel or multichannel input and trained the models using the SDOML dataset. The dataset was further augmented by randomly degrading images at each epoch, with the training dataset spanning nonoverlapping months with the test dataset. We also developed a non-ML baseline model to assess the gain of the CNN models. With the best trained models, we reconstructed the AIA multichannel degradation curves of 2010–2020 and compared them with the degradation curves based on sounding-rocket data. Results. Our results indicate that the CNN-based models significantly outperform the non-ML baseline model in calibrating instrument degradation. Moreover, multichannel CNN outperforms the single-channel CNN, which suggests that cross-channel relations between different EUV channels are important to recover the degradation profiles. The CNN-based models reproduce the degradation corrections derived from the sounding-rocket cross-calibration measurements within the experimental measurement uncertainty, indicating that it performs equally well as current techniques. Conclusions. Our approach establishes the framework for a novel technique based on CNNs to calibrate EUV instruments. We envision that this technique can be adapted to other imaging or spectral instruments operating at other wavelengths.

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Outgassing Environment of Spacecraft: An Overview

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Novel Structure and Thermal Design and Analysis for CubeSats in Formation Flying

Novel Structure and Thermal Design and Analysis for CubeSats in Formation Flying

A Systematic Review of Product Design for Space Instrument Innovation, Reliability, and Manufacturing

Multichannel autocalibration for the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly using machine learning

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