The history of psychology in Cuba and some of the sociohistorical and political forces impacting on the development of psychology are discussed. Three periods are identified: the colonial (1492‐1898), the prerevolutionary (1898‐1958), and the revolutionary (1959‐present). Each period represents a major shift in the socioeconomic and political context shaping the development of psychology. Key figures are described in their historical context. Emphasis is given to foci and organizational growth of psychology during the revolutionary period.