Outlook for the Forest-Based Bioeconomy

Hurmekoski, Elias; Hetemäki, Lauri; Jänis, Janne

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_4

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The expansion can be attributed to incorporating natural constituents in manufacturing methodologies, offering promising avenues for advancing the lignin industry. 88,89 We anticipate significant growth in the organosolv lignin segment due to its versatile applications, including serving as a filler in ink, paint, and varnish formulations, as well as in activated carbon, phenolic resins, carbon fibers, vanillin, phenolic derivatives, and concrete additives. 89,90 Raw materials include straw, sugarcane bagasse, softwoods, and hardwoods, among others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…88,89 We anticipate significant growth in the organosolv lignin segment due to its versatile applications, including serving as a filler in ink, paint, and varnish formulations, as well as in activated carbon, phenolic resins, carbon fibers, vanillin, phenolic derivatives, and concrete additives. 89,90 Raw materials include straw, sugarcane bagasse, softwoods, and hardwoods, among others. 90,91 Softwoods are particularly valuable in developing stabilized carbon fibers from lignin since their higher lignin content than hardwoods contributes to segment expansion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of an integrated biorefinery for bioethylene production from industrial forest byproducts

Cardozo,

Clauser,

Felissia

et al. 2024

Green Chem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an integrated biorefinery for bioethylene production from industrial forest byproducts

Cardozo,

Clauser,

Felissia

et al. 2024

Green Chem.

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“…Research programs are underway to optimize the use of beech in wood products in a wide variety of fields in order to enhance the opportunities for a sustainable forest-based bioeconomy [2,81,82]. Notable inventions are glued crosslaminated timber that overcomes technological challenges and the use of beech wood fibers for textiles [83].…”

Section: Productivity Carbon Sequestration and Climate Change Mitigat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

European Beech Forests in Austria—Current Distribution and Possible Future Habitat

Jandl,

Foldal,

Ledermann

et al. 2023

Forests

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A change in tree species composition in Central Europe to increase the resilience of forests when coping with climate change effects is imminent. We evaluated the present and expected future role of the European beech, (Fagus sylvatica L.), with respect to the expansion of its habitat and its stem. We assessed the current relevance of beech from data of the Austrian Forest Inventory 2007/09, and analyzed forest policies promoting the establishment of beech forests. We simulated forest growth with the model CALDIS, linked with the timber-market model FOHOW2. We used a business-as-usual (BAU) forest management strategy under moderate (RCP 4.5 BAU) or extreme (RCP 8.5 BAU) climate change. We also simulated an extreme climate change scenario with a forced change in the tree species composition (RCP 8.5 Change Species). Beech occurs in Austrian forests over the elevational gradient of 250 to 1600 m a.s.l. In low elevation, it forms beech-dominated forests, often for the supply of the domestic fuelwood demand. In mountain regions, beech enriches the diversity of Norway spruce, (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.)-dominated forests. In a BAU setting, the habitat of beech increases only slightly in both climate scenarios. The scenario ‘RCP 8.5 Change Species’ increases the habitat of beech in the next 60 years considerably. With progressing warming, other broadleaved tree species gain relevance. The vulnerability to drought and pathogens are limiting factors for Austrian beech forests. The future habitat depends on many factors such as the ability of forests to cope with climate change, the confidence to arising market opportunities of beech timber in the wake of technological progress, and financial and non-financial incentives for the implementation of adaptive forest management.

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Reconciling the EU forest, biodiversity, and climate strategies

Gregor,

Reyer,

Nagel

et al. 2024

Global Change Biology

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Forests provide important ecosystem services (ESs), including climate change mitigation, local climate regulation, habitat for biodiversity, wood and non‐wood products, energy, and recreation. Simultaneously, forests are increasingly affected by climate change and need to be adapted to future environmental conditions. Current legislation, including the European Union (EU) Biodiversity Strategy, EU Forest Strategy, and national laws, aims to protect forest landscapes, enhance ESs, adapt forests to climate change, and leverage forest products for climate change mitigation and the bioeconomy. However, reconciling all these competing demands poses a tremendous task for policymakers, forest managers, conservation agencies, and other stakeholders, especially given the uncertainty associated with future climate impacts. Here, we used process‐based ecosystem modeling and robust multi‐criteria optimization to develop forest management portfolios that provide multiple ESs across a wide range of climate scenarios. We included constraints to strictly protect 10% of Europe's land area and to provide stable harvest levels under every climate scenario. The optimization showed only limited options to improve ES provision within these constraints. Consequently, management portfolios suffered from low diversity, which contradicts the goal of multi‐functionality and exposes regions to significant risk due to a lack of risk diversification. Additionally, certain regions, especially those in the north, would need to prioritize timber provision to compensate for reduced harvests elsewhere. This conflicts with EU LULUCF targets for increased forest carbon sinks in all member states and prevents an equal distribution of strictly protected areas, introducing a bias as to which forest ecosystems are more protected than others. Thus, coordinated strategies at the European level are imperative to address these challenges effectively. We suggest that the implementation of the EU Biodiversity Strategy, EU Forest Strategy, and targets for forest carbon sinks require complementary measures to alleviate the conflicting demands on forests.

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Outlook for the Forest-Based Bioeconomy

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

Design of an integrated biorefinery for bioethylene production from industrial forest byproducts

Design of an integrated biorefinery for bioethylene production from industrial forest byproducts

European Beech Forests in Austria—Current Distribution and Possible Future Habitat

Reconciling the EU forest, biodiversity, and climate strategies

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