Outstanding impact of Azospirillum brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 on the Brazilian agriculture: Lessons that farmers are receptive to adopt new microbial inoculants

Santos, Manoel Luíz dos; Nogueira, Marco Antônio; Hungría, Mariangela

doi:10.36783/18069657rbcs20200128

Cited by 74 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Increasing success has been obtained after the deployment of the technology of co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. and A. brasilense in 2013, with doubled grain yield benefits culminating in the commercial launch of a technological package containing the two bacteria separately (Hungria et al 2013b , 2015 ; Barbosa et al 2021 ; Santos et al 2021 ). In a recent a meta-analysis of 48 publications covering field trials at 38 different locations in Brazil, Barbosa et al ( 2021 ) detected statistically significant increases in grain yield and other plant growth parameters due to the co-inoculation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent a meta-analysis of 48 publications covering field trials at 38 different locations in Brazil, Barbosa et al ( 2021 ) detected statistically significant increases in grain yield and other plant growth parameters due to the co-inoculation. In addition, the main published studies in Brazil were recently compiled by Santos et al ( 2021 ), and as an example, the studies of Ferri et al ( 2017 ) and Galindo et al ( 2018 ) indicated increases in grain yield due to the co-inoculation of 20.3 and 11.2%, respectively, compared to the inoculation exclusively with Bradyrhizobium . In the co-inoculation, although there may be a contribution from A. brasilense via biological nitrogen fixation, the benefits provided by strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 have been mainly attributed to the production of phytohormones, resulting in expressive increases in several root parameters (Fukami et al 2018b ; Rondina et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first is the validation of the reinoculation technology, with an average 8% increase in grain yield by inoculation every year (Hungria and Mendes 2015 ; Hungria and Nogueira 2019 ; Hungria et al 2006 , 2007 , 2020 ). The second came from the selection of the first commercial strains of Azospirillum brasilense for grasses, with the release of the first commercial product in 2009 (Hungria et al 2010 ; Santos et al 2019 , 2021 ). The third major milestone was the development of the technology of co-inoculation for the soybean in 2013, consisting of the combination of strains of Bradyrhizobium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…highly efficient in fixing nitrogen and strains of A. brasilense with high phytohormone production capacity (Hungria et al 2013b , 2015 ). In the short period of five years, co-inoculation has been adopted on average in 25% of the 36 million ha cropped with this legume (Santos et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no doubt that the combination of microbial inoculants can provide excellent results, justifying their great potential of being employed worldwide (Bashan 1998 ; Juge et al 2012 ; Malusá and Vassilevde 2014 ; Fukami et al 2017 ; Bellabarba et al 2019 ; Santos et al 2019 , 2021 ). Farmers, however, demand more practicality at sowing, and are requesting commercial products that combine various microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining microorganisms in inoculants is agronomically important but industrially challenging: case study of a composite inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum for the soybean crop

2021

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The increasing global perception of the importance of microbial inoculants to promote productivity and sustainability in agriculture prompts the adoption of bio-inputs by the farmers. The utilization of selected elite strains of nitrogen-fixing and other plant-growth promoting microorganisms in single inoculants creates a promising market for composite inoculants. However, combining microorganisms with different physiological and nutritional needs requires biotechnological development. We report the development of a composite inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens and Azospirillum brasilense for the soybean crop. Evaluation of use of carbon sources indicates differences between the microbial species, with Bradyrhizobium growing better with mannitol and glycerol, and Azospirillum with malic acid and maleic acid, allowing the design of a formulation for co-culture. Species also differ in their growth rates, and the best performance of both microorganisms occurred when Azospirillum was inoculated on the third day of growth of Bradyrhizobium. The composite inoculant developed was evaluated in five field trials performed in Brazil, including areas without and with naturalized populations of Bradyrhizobium. The composite inoculant resulted in symbiotic performance comparable to the application of the two microorganisms separately. In comparison to the single inoculation with Bradyrhizobium, co-inoculation resulted in average increases of 14.7% in grain yield and 16.4% in total N accumulated in the grains. The performance of the composite inoculant was similar or greater than that of the non-inoculated control receiving a high dose of N-fertilizer, indicating the importance of the development and validation of inoculants carrying multiple beneficial microorganisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining microorganisms in inoculants is agronomically important but industrially challenging: case study of a composite inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum for the soybean crop

2021

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Improving maize sustainability with partial replacement of N fertilizers by inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense

et al. 2022

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major cereal crop worldwide and demands N fertilizers, which can be replaced partially by plant growth-promoting bacteria. In Brazil, inoculants carrying Azospirillum brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 have exponentially grown, but a quantitative study on the replacement of N fertilizer by inoculants is still missing. Under greenhouse conditions, we investigated the effects of A. brasilense cells and metabolites applied via seeds or leaf-sprayed at the V3 growth stage on roots and confirmed strong benefits in traits that improve the uptake of water and nutrients.In the field, 30 trials were performed at 13 sites in Brazil over 10 yr, comparing noninoculated and inoculated maize receiving 0, 50, 75, and 100% (90 kg ha -1 of N) of N fertilizer (urea) applied as side-dress 35 d after emergence. Overall, inoculation significantly increased grain yield by 3.1%. Increases were confirmed in lower and higher yield levels, subtropical and tropical conditions, and clayey and sandy soils, with low and higher soil organic carbon levels. Yield increases due to inoculation were statistically significant at all levels of N fertilizer, except for at 50%. Inoculation with the supply of 75% of N increased yield by 4.6% compared with the noninoculated counterpart and, noteworthy, did not differ statistically from the non-inoculated control receiving 100% of N. These results confirmed the feasibility of replacing 25% of N-fertilizer applied as side-dress by seed inoculation with A. brasilense, besides the possibility of avoiding the emission of 4.95 million Mg of CO 2 -e per year. INTRODUCTIONAccording to the most accepted theory, maize (Zea mays L.) originated in Mesoamerica, more specifically in Mexico, about 7,000 yr ago. From there, the crop spread worldwide, reaching the position of the most produced cereal for humanAbbreviations: CFU, colony-forming units; CO 2 -e, CO 2 equivalents; DAE, days after emergence; DYGS, dextrose yeast glucose sucrose; GHG, greenhouse gases; IAA, indole-acetic acid; NFb, nitrogen-free broth.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Co‐inoculation of soybean with Bradyrhizobium spp. and Amazonian strains of Trichoderma asperellum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens increases the productivity and profitability of the crop

Leite,

Hungria,

Leite

et al. 2023

Crop Science

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Co‐inoculation of soybean with plant growth‐promoting microorganisms has the potential to increase yield, and the Amazon is a biome rich in these beneficial microorganisms. Soybean is the most important grain crop in Brazil and is highly benefited by inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. strains, both of which represent exotic symbiotic partners. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soybean co‐inoculation with Amazonian strains of Trichoderma asperellum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted during the 2020 and 2021 crop seasons in Brazil, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized in the greenhouse, and randomized blocks were used in the field, both with 3 × 2 factorial schemes. Standard inoculation with Bradyrhizobium and co‐inoculation with T. asperellum and B. amyloliquefaciens was considered the first factor, and the second factor was represented by phosphate fertilization (0 and 100 kg ha−1 of P2O5). The root system volumes were 25% and 17% higher than those of the standard inoculation with T. asperellum and B. amyloliquefaciens, respectively. In 2020, co‐inoculation with T. asperellum increased yield by 15%, plant height by 27%, and net profit by up to 121 USD compared with standard inoculation. In 2021, co‐inoculation with T. asperellum and B. amyloliquefaciens resulted in increases in several growth parameters compared to those with standard inoculation, including 7% and 13% greater yields, and 159 USD and 309 USD increases in net profit, respectively. Our results indicate the possibility of expanding soybean co‐inoculation with local strains of Bacillus and Trichoderma, with benefits for productivity and profitability.

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Outstanding impact of Azospirillum brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 on the Brazilian agriculture: Lessons that farmers are receptive to adopt new microbial inoculants

Cited by 74 publications

References 140 publications

Combining microorganisms in inoculants is agronomically important but industrially challenging: case study of a composite inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum for the soybean crop

Combining microorganisms in inoculants is agronomically important but industrially challenging: case study of a composite inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum for the soybean crop

Improving maize sustainability with partial replacement of N fertilizers by inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense

Co‐inoculation of soybean with Bradyrhizobium spp. and Amazonian strains of Trichoderma asperellum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens increases the productivity and profitability of the crop

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