“…After the hydrothermal sulfidation reaction with TAA, besides those of the ZnO carbon hollow tube nanofibers, characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to face-centered cubic ZnS (111), ( 220) and (311) are observed, verifying the formation of ZnO@ZnS core-shell heterostructures. 18,24,35,[42][43][44]46,51,52 Furthermore, the relative intensity of ZnO diffraction peaks, especially those of the (100), (002) and (101) planes, clearly reduces as compared with the XRD pattern related to the ternary ZnO@ZnS/C hollow mats, showing more ZnO particles in this typical analyzed sample, mainly those at the surface have been transformed to ZnS nanoparticles. An obvious broadening of the diffraction peaks was observed, indicating that ZnS is formed by small crystalline grains when compared with ZnO, as it is displayed in inset of Fig.…”