Ovarian Cancer Risk in Relation to Blood Cholesterol and Triglycerides

Trabert, Britton; Hathaway, Cassandra A.; Rice, Megan S.; Rimm, Eric B.; Sluss, Patrick M.; Terry, Kathryn L.; Zeleznik, Oana A.; Tworoger, Shelley S.

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0443

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Intriguingly, our study found that among all biomarkers of AL score, higher levels of triglycerides and CRP were associated with 1.68 and 1.42 folds increased risk of cancer (triglycerides: HR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.16, 2.43; CRP: HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.01). The relationship between circulating glyceride and cancer risk has been reported previously [29,30]. In the metabolic syndrome and cancer project, Borena et al, reported that the relative risk of top quintile versus bottom quintile of triglycerides of overall cancer was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.06-1.26) in men and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.05-1.27) in women [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Association of Allostatic Load and All Cancer Risk in the SWAN Cohort

Shen

Fuemmeler

Guan

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Elevated chronic stress is thought to increase cancer risk, though the results so far have been inconsistent. In this study, we assessed the relationship between allostatic load (AL), a biological indicator of chronic stress, and overall cancer risk in 3015 women who participated in the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Based on the distribution of AL, the study population was categorized into four groups, from the lowest (1st category) to the highest AL group (4th category). At baseline, African American and Hispanic women were more likely to be in the higher AL categories than White women (p < 0.001). In addition, women who smoked regularly, drank alcohol regularly, had no leisure physical activity, and had restless sleep were also more likely to be in the higher AL categories than their relative counterparts (p < 0.001). We also observed that women in the lower-income category with no health insurance were more likely to be in the higher AL category (p < 0.001). The study then found that women in the 4th category of AL (the highest AL group) had a 1.64-fold increased risk of overall cancer (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 2.59). The risk association was further strengthened after adjusting demographics, healthy behaviors, and socioeconomic factors with an HR of 2.08. In further analysis of individual biomarkers of AL score, we found that higher levels of triglyceride and CRP were associated with increased risk of cancer, highlighting the role of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation in the etiology of cancer development. In summary, we report that higher AL is associated with increased cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Association of Allostatic Load and All Cancer Risk in the SWAN Cohort

Shen

Fuemmeler

Guan

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…For example, Zhang et al [10] found a significant association between elevated TG levels and high severity of EOC. Another study found that blood TG levels at clinically relevant cut-off points (>200 vs. ≤200 mg/dL) for cases diagnosed for more than 2 years showed a positive relationship with EOC risk [26]. An increased concentration of TG was also observed in a Japanese EOC study [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Causal Effects of Circulating Lipid Traits on Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

et al. 2022

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Ovarian cancer (OC), and particularly epithelial OC (EOC), is an increasing challenge for women. Circulating lipids play different roles in the occurrence and development of OC, but no causal relationship has been confirmed. We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the genetic effects of circulating Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), Apolipoprotein B (APOB), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyc-erides (TG) on EOC risks based on summary data obtained from the UK Biobank and the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. We used the inverse-variance weight as the main statistical method and the MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO for sensitivity analysis. A 1-SD increment in HDL gave odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of OR = 0.80 (95% CI: 0.69–0.93), OR = 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66–0.90), and OR = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63–0.90) for low malignant potential OC (LMPOC), low-grade low malignant OC (LGLMSOC), and low malignant serous OC (LMSOC), respectively. Genetic liability due to TG was associated with an increased risk of LGLMSOC and LGSOC and a suggestive association with an increased risk of LMSOC (p = 0.001, p = 0.007, and p = 0.027, respectively). Circulating HDL was negatively associated with the risk of LMPOC, LGLMSOC, and LMSOC, while elevated circulating TG levels genetically predicted an increased risk of LGLMSOC and LGSOC. Further research is needed to investigate the causal effects of lipids on EOC and potential intervention and therapeutic targets.

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“…In men, higher free testosterone, but not total testosterone, has been found to be associated with risk of prostate cancer [ 41 ]. Conversely, biomarkers of inflammation do not appear to be related to risk of glioma [ 70 ] and circulating lipid levels are not strongly associated with ovarian cancer risk [ 71 ]. Biomarkers can also be used to investigate the pathways between known risk factors and cancer diagnosis, with research showing that the increased risk of colorectal cancer associated with obesity is unlikely to be driven by adiposity-induced chronic inflammation, insulin resistance or sex-steroid hormone levels [ 72 ].…”

Section: Uk Biobank and Cancer Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

UK Biobank: a globally important resource for cancer research

et al. 2022

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UK Biobank is a large-scale prospective study with deep phenotyping and genomic data. Its open-access policy allows researchers worldwide, from academia or industry, to perform health research in the public interest. Between 2006 and 2010, the study recruited 502,000 adults aged 40–69 years from the general population of the United Kingdom. At enrolment, participants provided information on a wide range of factors, physical measurements were taken, and biological samples (blood, urine and saliva) were collected for long-term storage. Participants have now been followed up for over a decade with more than 52,000 incident cancer cases recorded. The study continues to be enhanced with repeat assessments, web-based questionnaires, multi-modal imaging, and conversion of the stored biological samples to genomic and other ‘–omic’ data. The study has already demonstrated its value in enabling research into the determinants of cancer, and future planned enhancements will make the resource even more valuable to cancer researchers. Over 26,000 researchers worldwide are currently using the data, performing a wide range of cancer research. UK Biobank is uniquely placed to transform our understanding of the causes of cancer development and progression, and drive improvements in cancer treatment and prevention over the coming decades.

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Ovarian Cancer Risk in Relation to Blood Cholesterol and Triglycerides

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Association of Allostatic Load and All Cancer Risk in the SWAN Cohort

Association of Allostatic Load and All Cancer Risk in the SWAN Cohort

Causal Effects of Circulating Lipid Traits on Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

UK Biobank: a globally important resource for cancer research

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