Ovarian Secretion of Progesterone and 20α-Hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one during Rat Estrous Cycle in Chronological Relation to Pituitary Release of Luteinizing Hormone

Uchida, Keiji; Kadowaki, Masumi; Miyake, Tamotsu

doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.16.227

Cited by 82 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…In PE, when follicle maturation and ovulation takes place, the secretion of ovarian progesterone was not modified by the addition of acetylcholine to the ganglion compartment. This may be because the main peak of progesterone secretion in this stage of the cycle [28,29] is mainly due to the action of gonadotrophines rather to a direct neural influence. However, the existence of neural input is demonstrated by the effect of the antagonists, mainly atropine, which is an indication of the ganglionic receptors participation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of ovarian progesterone during the rat oestrous cycle by ganglionic cholinergic influence

Sosa

Delgado

Casais

et al. 2004

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of ovarian progesterone during the rat oestrous cycle by ganglionic cholinergic influence

Sosa

Delgado

Casais

et al. 2004

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…epinephrine injection, was affected by a similar LH increase found on D2. Anyway, the progesterone peak that occurs on the afternoon of D1 in cyclic rats has been described as independent of gonadotrophin action (Uchida et al 1969, Barraclough et al 1971, Smith et al 1975.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of great interest is the fact that the effect produced in the ovary by central adrenergic stimulation is reversed between the D1 and D2 stage. This different action could be attributed to the central effect of the first small peak of progesterone occurring on D1 (Uchida et al 1969), or to the rise in the oestradiol levels which starts on the afternoon of D1 (Shaikh & Shaikh 1975). In fact, the influence of the CNS on the reproductive realm is modified by ovarian steroids in different cycle states and in ovariectomized estrogen-progesterone primed rats (Freeman 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adrenergic intracerebroventricular stimulation affects progesterone concentration in the ovarian vein of the rat: participation of the superior ovarian nerve

Bortoli

Mh²,

Aguado³

1998

Journal of Endocrinology

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The present study investigates the acute consequences of central adrenergic stimulation on the release of steroids from the ovary. The influence of the superior ovarian nerve (SON) and the relationship between the neural effect and peripheral LH levels were also examined.The intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 5 µg epinephrine in SON-intact rats on day 1 of dioestrus (D1) increased progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood from 7 to 21 min after injection but the same injection in SON-intact rats on day 2 of dioestrus (D2) decreased progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood from 1 to 25 min. A smaller dose (0·5 µg) of epinephrine injected i.c.v. in SON-intact rats produced a decrease in progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood of shorter duration. In SON-transected (SONt) animals, 0·5 µg epinephrine i.c.v. caused a smaller decrease in progesterone levels compared with SON-intact rats (P<0·05). On the other hand, in SON-intact rats on D2, the i.c.v. injection of 0·5 µg epinephrine did not modify the peripheral LH levels during 25 min, but 5 µg epinephrine injected i.c.v. raised the peripheral LH level from the third minute after injection (P<0·05). Oestradiol levels in the ovarian vein blood did not change after epinephrine i.c.v. injection in rats on D2.To avoid any humoral influence, SONt and SONintact rats on D2 were injected i.c.v. with 5 µg epinephrine or with vehicle, and 5 min later the ovaries were incubated in vitro with or without LH. Under these conditions, it was demonstrated that the previous injection of epinephrine in SON-intact rats resulted in a diminished release of progesterone from ovaries incubated with or without LH.These results suggest that a central adrenergic stimulus increases progesterone release from the ovary on D1 and decreases it on D2. Also, this neural input would arrive at the ovary through the SON, and would condition the ovarian response to LH on D2. Ovarian progesterone changes could be attributed to signals coming from ganglionar neurons, which are affected by the central adrenergic stimulation.

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“…Accepted for publication: February 23, 2004 Correspondence: M. Nishihara (e-mail: amnishi@mail.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Increased levels of progesterone and 20α-OHP have also been observed following ovulation in rats [8,9]. In contrast to rats, high 20α-OHP levels are present in the blood throughout the estrous cycle in goats, and plasma progesterone and 20α-OHP concentrations are roughly parallel to each other during the estrous cycle [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Cloning of Goat 20.ALPHA.-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase cDNA

Jayasekara

Yonezawa

Ishida

et al. 2004

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. 20α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD), which catalyzes the conversion of progesterone to its inactive form 20α-dihydroprogesterone, is expressed in murine placenta and has been suggested to play roles in maintaining pregnancy. To understand the role of 20α-HSD during pregnancy in the goat, as a first step, cloning and sequencing of 20α-HSD cDNA were performed. The full nucleotide sequence of 20α-HSD cDNA was determined on samples obtained from the corpus luteum at the luteal phase of the estrous cycle and the placenta in late pregnancy by RT-PCR and 3' and 5' RACE systems. Cloned 20α-HSD cDNA consisted of 1124 bp and belonged to the aldo-keto reductase superfamily. From the start codon to stop codon there were 323 amino acids, the same as in other species. To verify whether the protein derived from goat 20α-HSD cDNA had 20α-HSD activity, the cDNA was expressed by bacteria. Bacterially expressed goat 20α-HSD protein showed 20α-HSD enzyme activity. A tissue distribution study demonstrated that 20α-HSD was expressed in the placenta, but not in the adrenal gland, liver and spleen during pregnancy. The present study suggests that goat 20α-HSD is another member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily and that it plays a role in the placenta during pregnancy. Key words: Goat, 20α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD), Placenta, Ovary (J. Reprod. Dev. 50: [323][324][325][326][327][328][329][330][331] 2004) 0α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) is a steroid metabolizing enzyme, which catalyzes the reaction that converts progesterone, a potent progestin, to its metabolically inactive form 20α-dihydroprogesterone (20α-OHP). This enzyme belongs to the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily according to the protein phylogeny [1]. Members of this family prefer NADP/NADPH as a cofactor.Progesterone is essential for the initiation and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals. In goats, placenta does not produce sufficient amount of progesterone, and therefore goats are fully dependent on luteal progesterone for maintenance of pregnancy. As in most animals, plasma progesterone concentration in goats is high during the gestation period and decreases abruptly before parturition [2][3][4][5][6]. In addition, increased levels of 20α-OHP have also been observed in the general circulation during pregnancy in goats [2]. In rats, it has been shown that 20α-OHP concentration decreases with the increase in the progesterone concentration during early pregnancy while it increases with the reduction of the progesterone levels around the parturition [7].

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Ovarian Secretion of Progesterone and 20α-Hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one during Rat Estrous Cycle in Chronological Relation to Pituitary Release of Luteinizing Hormone

Cited by 82 publications

References 6 publications

Release of ovarian progesterone during the rat oestrous cycle by ganglionic cholinergic influence

Release of ovarian progesterone during the rat oestrous cycle by ganglionic cholinergic influence

Adrenergic intracerebroventricular stimulation affects progesterone concentration in the ovarian vein of the rat: participation of the superior ovarian nerve

Molecular Cloning of Goat 20.ALPHA.-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase cDNA

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