Ovarian Torsion with Resulting Constipation in a Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)

Erokhina, Anna; Cigler, Pia; Runft, Sandra; Fehr, Michael

doi:10.5818/jhms-s-20-00012

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Case reports of reproductive disorders in oviparous reptiles often refer to pathological ''preovulatory follicular stasis'' but hardly ever consider physiological atresia of vitellogenic follicles. 9,18,34 Little information is available on the precise pathogenesis of ''follicular stasis,'' and it is often used as an umbrella term for disorders of follicles that failed to ovulate. 15 Guidelines on diagnosing ''follicular stasis'' recommend routine reexaminations over a period of a few weeks to confirm the diagnosis; however, no exact time frame is offered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 Cystic cavities have also been documented on US in animals suffering from ovarian torsion, which was confirmed intraoperatively. 9,29 Differentiation between cystic atresia and ovarian torsion presents a challenge. None of the chameleons undergoing cystic atresia showed any clinical signs, and no signs of torsion were found on gross necropsy (ovarian pedicle rotation) or histology (extensive erythrocyte congestion).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonographic and Computed Tomographic Characteristics of the Reproductive Cycle in Female Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo Calyptratus)

Cigler¹,

Dervas²,

Richter³

et al. 2023

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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Female veiled chameleons, Chamaeleo calyptratus, have a high fecundity and fast maturation, which makes them a suitable model species for squamate reproduction. The authors investigated the morphological follicular development of a group of 20 healthy adult animals over a 12-mon period using ultrasonography (US) and CT. Four stages of follicular development could be distinguished by imaging diagnostics and were confirmed by histology: previtellogenesis, vitellogenesis, gravidity, and atresia. Using a linear ultrasound transducer (18 MHz), previtellogenic follicles could be visualized as small, round, hypoechoic structures. Identification of this stage was unreliable on CT. On US, vitellogenic follicles remained round and showed increasing echogenicity from the hypoechoic center outwards, displaying vinyl-like hyperechoic banding in later stages. On CT, early vitellogenic follicles were round, hyperdense structures, which reduced in density as they grew. A hyperdense inner ring with a hypodense central point characterized late vitellogenesis. Following ovulation, eggs became distinctly oval on both CT and US, with formation of a hyperdense or hyperechoic outer ring, respectively. Atresia followed in cases where no ovulation occurred, and was divided into yolky and cystic atresia. Sonographically, early yolky atretic follicles became unevenly shaped, packed against one another, and developed heterogenous content. Late atretic follicles were homogenous and reduced in size. Reduction of density and uneven shape were also observed on CT. Cystic atretic follicles developed an anechoic cavity with a dense peripheral accumulation of content. In many animals 2-3 generations of atretic follicles were observed without indication of impairment to the development of the newest batch of follicles. Thus, follicular atresia need not necessarily lead to a pathological condition in veiled chameleons, at least not within a few consecutive cycles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic and Computed Tomographic Characteristics of the Reproductive Cycle in Female Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo Calyptratus)

Cigler¹,

Dervas²,

Richter³

et al. 2023

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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“…There have also been a few reported cases of other gastrointestinal tract displacements in reptiles, including intussusception in chameleons, green iguanas ( Iguana iguana ), and a blue tongued skink ( Tiliqua scincoides ) (Saik et al ., 1987; Barrie et al ., 1993; Benson, 1999; McGuire et al ., 1999). Another case report recently highlighted that the reproductive tract can also be subject to torsions with a panther chameleon ( Furcifer pardalis ) that had an ovarian torsion diagnosed by ultrasonography followed by exploratory coeliotomy (Erokhina et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Torsion and Volvulus Through a Mesenteric Rupture in a Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps)

Hornby,

Hedley,

Spiro

2023

Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery

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A female spayed bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) of unknown age presented with a 48-hour history of anorexia and lethargy. On presentation, the patient had a black beard, sunken eyes and a full coelomic cavity on palpation, although no specific thickening or masses were noted. Diagnostic investigations were conducted in the form of radiographs and ultrasonography. The owner elected euthanasia due to deterioration in the patient’s condition. Gross and microscopic post-mortem examination revealed a torsion and volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract through a rupture in the mesentery, with marked red/black, segmental discolouration to the intestines. Limitations of this study include no further diagnostic tests other than imaging and decision to euthanise hindering the ability to explore surgical correction. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of intestinal torsion and volvulus through a mesenteric rupture in a bearded dragon.

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“…In addition, ultrastructural findings were helpful to ruled out spindle cell sarcomas because dense bodies of leiomyosarcoma and striation of rhabdomyosarcoma were lacked. It has been shown previously that macrophages and microglial cells of reptilian cells were immunoreactive to Iba-1 in the veiled chameleon ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ), central bearded dragon, alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis ), panther chameleon ( Furcifer pardalis ), and the boa constrictor ( Boa constrictor constrictor ) [ 2 , 3 , 7 ]. The present study supports the usefulness of assessing Iba-1 and CD204 expression in reptile tissues.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinical course and pathologic study of retrobulbar histiocytic sarcoma in a central bearded dragon (<i>Pogona vitticeps</i>)

Ikeda

Kondo

EHARA³

et al. 2022

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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A central bearded dragon ( Pogona vitticeps ) presented with periorbital swelling and exophthalmos. A retrobulbar mass was detected, and enucleation with the mass was performed. Histologically, the mass was composed of a dense sheet and interlacing bundles of round to polygonal to short spindle-shaped cells with occasional bizarre mononuclear and multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells had various degrees of membranous and/or cytoplasmic granular reactivity to anti-ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 and anti-CD204 antibodies. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells had irregular nuclei and abundant cytoplasm with membrane-bound electron-dense lysosomes and endoplasmic reticula. These findings were consistent with a histiocytic sarcoma. The present study provided a detailed description of retrobulbar histiocytic sarcoma for the first time in a central bearded dragon.

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Ovarian Torsion with Resulting Constipation in a Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Ultrasonographic and Computed Tomographic Characteristics of the Reproductive Cycle in Female Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo Calyptratus)

Ultrasonographic and Computed Tomographic Characteristics of the Reproductive Cycle in Female Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo Calyptratus)

Intestinal Torsion and Volvulus Through a Mesenteric Rupture in a Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps)

Clinical course and pathologic study of retrobulbar histiocytic sarcoma in a central bearded dragon (<i>Pogona vitticeps</i>)

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