Ovary Proteome Analysis Reveals RH36 Regulates Reproduction via Vitellin Uptake Mediated by HSP70 Protein in Hard Ticks

Wang, Fangfang; Wang, Yanan; Wang, Guanghua; Zhang, Houshuang; Kuang, Ceyan; Zhou, Yongzhi; Cao, Jie; Zhou, Jinlin

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00093

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies showed that the expression of HSC70 mRNA in ticks reached its highest level at the beginning of blood-feeding and remained at this high level until the semi-engorged status had been reached; in addition, the expression of HSC70 mRNA was significantly upregulated compared to that of unfed ticks [ 17 , 36 ]. In one study on ticks, following silencing of HSP70 using the interference RNA method, the attachment and average engorgement rates of these ticks on the host decreased significantly and the ticks suffered a mortality rate as high as 97.44% [ 37 ]. These findings suggest that HSC70 plays an important anticoagulation role during tick blood-sucking and blood-meal digestion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the anticoagulant activities and immunogenicity of HSC70 and HSC70TKD of Haemaphysalis flava

Liu

et al. 2022

Parasites Vectors

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Background Haemaphysalis flava is a hematophagous ectoparasite that acquires the nutrition needed for development and reproduction by sucking blood and digesting the blood meal. During blood-sucking and blood-meal digestion, the prevention of blood coagulation is important for this tick. Previous studies have shown that heat shock cognate 70 (HSC70) protein has certain anticoagulant activities, but its immunogenicity remains unclear. Also, whether the mutation of individual bases of the TKD-like peptide of HSC70 through the overlap extension method can change its anticoagulant activities and immunogenicity remains to be investigated. Methods The gene encoding the HSC70 protein was cloned from a complementary DNA library synthesized from H. flava. The coding gene of the TKD-like peptide of HSC70 was mutated into a TKD peptide coding gene (HSC70TKD) using the overlap extension method. Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression plasmids were constructed to obtain the recombinant proteins of HSC70 (rHSC70) and HSC70TKD (rHSC70TKD). The purified rHSC70 and rHSC70TKD were evaluated at different concentrations for anticoagulant activities using four in vitro clotting assays. Emulsifying recombinant proteins with complete and incomplete Freund’s adjuvants were subcutaneously immunized in Sprague Dawley rats. The serum antibody titers and serum concentrations of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were detected using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess the immunogenicity of rHSC70 and rHSC70TKD. Results The open reading frame of HSC70 was successfully amplified and found to have a length of 1958 bp. The gene encoding the TKD-like peptide of HSC70 was artificially mutated, with the 1373-position adenine (A) of the original sequence mutated into guanine (G), the 1385-position cytosine (C) mutated into G and the 1386-position G mutated into C. rHSC70 and rHSC70TKD that fused with His-tag were obtained using the expression plasmids pET-28a-HSC70 and pET-28a-HSC70TKD, respectively. rHSC70 and rHSC70TKD prolonged the thrombin time (TT) and reduced the fibrinogen (FIB) content in the plasma, but did not affect the prothrombin time (PT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) when compared to the negative control. Interestingly, the ability of rHSC70TKD to prolong the TT and reduce the FIB content in the plasma was better than that of rHSC70. The specific antibody titers of both rHSC70 and rHSC70TKD in rat serum reached 1:124,000 14 days after the third immunization. The serum concentration of IFN-γ in the rHSC70TKD group was higher than that in the rHSC70 group. The rHSC70 group has the highest serum concentration of IL-4, and the serum concentration of IL-4 in the rHSC70TKD group was higher than that in the negative group. Conclusions rHSC70 and rHSC70TKD exhibited anticoagulant activities by prolonging the TT and reducing the FIB content in vitro. rHSC70TKD had better anticoagulant activities than rHSC70. Both rHSC70 and rHSC70TKD had good immunogenicity and induced humoral and cellular immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the anticoagulant activities and immunogenicity of HSC70 and HSC70TKD of Haemaphysalis flava

Liu

et al. 2022

Parasites Vectors

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“… 2012 (Kapoor et al., 2012 ) Haemaphysalis spp., Rhipicephalus spp. (Wang, Wang, et al., 2020 ; Wang, Zhao, et al., 2020 ) Australia, Brazil, China, Columbia, Croatia, Germany, Iran, Italy, Norway, Thailand, Turkey, UK, USA, Viet Nam (Urbani et al., 2021 ) Avian‐like circovirus Tick associated circovirus 1 Circovirus Circoviridae ssDNA (+/−) NC_030199 Complete genome ? 2018 (Tokarz et al., 2018 ) I. scapularis (Tokarz et al., 2018 ) USA (Tokarz et al., 2018 ) Nayun tick torquevirus Unclassified Thetatorquevirus Anelloviridae ssDNA (+/−) KP141758 Partial genome ?…”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… GIJA01018702.1 Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides Orthomyxoviridae ssRNA(−) 2357 Zambezi tick virus 1 (MH267793.1) 77 One putative ORF; predicted protein contains homologues of Influenza RdRp subunit PB1 (PF00602) motif Wang, Wang, et al. ( 2020 ), https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00093 GGIX01201876.1 Ixodes scapularis Chuviridae ssRNA(−) 728 Bole tick virus 3 (MH688550.1) 87 One putative ORF; predicted protein contains homologues of Mononegavirales RdRp (PF00946) motif H. M. Robertson, Unpublished. …”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of putative novel tick viruses and zoonotic risk prediction

Lin,

Pascall

2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Tick‐associated viruses remain a substantial zoonotic risk worldwide, so knowledge of the diversity of tick viruses has potential health consequences. Despite their importance, large amounts of sequences in public data sets from tick meta‐genomic and ‐transcriptomic projects remain unannotated, sequence data that could contain undocumented viruses. Through data mining and bioinformatic analysis of more than 37,800 public meta‐genomic and ‐transcriptomic data sets, we found 83 unannotated contigs exhibiting high identity with known tick viruses. These putative viral contigs were classified into three RNA viral families (Alphatetraviridae, Orthomyxoviridae and Chuviridae) and one DNA viral family (Asfarviridae). After manual checking of quality and dissimilarity towards other sequences in the data set, these 83 contigs were reduced to five contigs in the Alphatetraviridae from four putative viruses, four in the Orthomyxoviridae from two putative viruses and one in the Chuviridae which clustered with known tick‐associated viruses, forming a separate clade within the viral families. We further attempted to assess which previously known tick viruses likely represent zoonotic risks and thus deserve further investigation. We ranked the human infection potential of 133 known tick‐associated viruses using a genome composition‐based machine learning model. We found five high‐risk tick‐associated viruses (Langat virus, Lonestar tick chuvirus 1, Grotenhout virus, Taggert virus and Johnston Atoll virus) that have not been known to infect human and two viral families (Nairoviridae and Phenuiviridae) that contain a large proportion of potential zoonotic tick‐associated viruses. This adds to the knowledge of tick virus diversity and highlights the importance of surveillance of newly emerging tick‐associated diseases.

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Immunization of guinea pigs with cement extract induces resistance against Ixodes scapularis ticks

Lynn

Černý

Kurokawa

et al. 2022

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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Ovary Proteome Analysis Reveals RH36 Regulates Reproduction via Vitellin Uptake Mediated by HSP70 Protein in Hard Ticks

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Comparative analysis of the anticoagulant activities and immunogenicity of HSC70 and HSC70TKD of Haemaphysalis flava

Comparative analysis of the anticoagulant activities and immunogenicity of HSC70 and HSC70TKD of Haemaphysalis flava

Characterisation of putative novel tick viruses and zoonotic risk prediction

Immunization of guinea pigs with cement extract induces resistance against Ixodes scapularis ticks

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