Overactive Bladder Symptoms Within Nervous System: A Focus on Etiology

Abstract

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common debilitating condition characterized by urgency symptoms with detrimental effects on the quality of life and survival. The exact etiology of OAB is still enigmatic, and none of therapeutic approaches seems curative. OAB is generally regarded as a separate syndrome, whereas in clinic, OAB symptoms could be found in numerous diseases of other non-urogenital systems, particularly nervous system. The OAB symptoms in neurological diseases are often poorly recognized and inadequately treated. This review provided a comprehensive overview of recent findings related to the neurogenic OAB symptoms. Relevant neurological diseases could be mainly divided into seven kinds as follows: multiple sclerosis and related neuroinflammatory disorders, Parkinson’s diseases, multiple system atrophy, spinal cord injury, dementia, peripheral neuropathy, and others. Concurrently, we also summarized the hypothetical reasonings and available animal models to elucidate the underlying mechanism of neurogenic OAB symptoms. This review highlighted the close association between OAB symptoms and neurological diseases and expanded the current knowledge of pathophysiological basis of OAB. This may increase the awareness of urological complaints in neurological disorders and inspire robust therapies with better outcomes.

Characterization of Potentially Inappropriate Medications That Need Special Attention in the Elderly with Dementia by Analyzing Pharmacy Claims Data

“…This finding might be interpreted by the evidence that the progression of neurodegenerative disorders including dementia is accompanied by the development of overactive bladder. 31) The increased prescription of anti-diabetes drugs in dementia patients (aOR = 1.17) is not attributable to the increased use of atypical antipsychotic agents, known to impair glucose tolerance, since the sub-analysis in the dementia group showed the decreased prescription of atypical antipsychotics in patients receiving anti-diabetes drugs (Supplementary Table S2). It can be speculated that the increased prescription of anti-diabetes drugs in dementia patients might reflect the recent accumulating evidence that diabetes is a risk factor for the development of dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease.…”

The Prevalence and Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Taif City, Saudi Arabia

“…These pathophysiological changes affect neural pathways involved in bladder control. Disruptions in the communication between the brain, spinal cord, and the bladder can lead to a spectrum of urinary symptoms, encompassing both incontinence and overactive bladder manifestations [18]. The localization of MS lesions within the central nervous system plays a pivotal role.…”

Urinary dysfunction in multiple sclerosis

“…pudendi (s2-s4, ядро онуфа (onuf's nucleus). гипогастральные нервы через β3-адренергические рецепторы обеспечивают релаксацию мочевого пузыря и повышают тонус сфинктеров, а тазовые нервы, напротив, через мускарин-3 рецепторы создают противоположную эффекторность при стимуляции [31][32].…”