Overcoming Limitations in the Availability of Swabs Systems Used for SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory Diagnostics

Nairz, Manfred; Bellmann‐Weiler, Rosa; Ladstätter, Miriam; Schüllner, Falko; Zimmermann, Martina; Koller, Anna-Maria; Blunder, Silvia; Naschberger, Helene; Klotz, Werner; Herold, Manfred; Kerndler, Sylvia; Jeske, Martina; Haschka, David; Petzer, Verena; Schroll, Andrea; Sonnweber, Thomas; Tancevski, Ivan; Fritsche, Gernot; Araújo, Mariana E. G. de; Stasyk, Taras; Huber, Lukas A.; Griesmacher, Andrea; Theurl, Igor; Weiß, Günter

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-37549/v1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Sensitivity of RT-PCR from throat swabs to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been reported to be up to 95% [ 15 ]. However, the sensitivity of RT-PCR depends on the type of specimen and the assay used [ 33 ]. It is unclear why in our patient the SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing results were negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Pneumocystis jirovecii Pulmonary Coinfection—The First Case Confirmed through Autopsy

Jeican

Inișca²,

Gheban

et al. 2021

Medicina

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Background: Establishing the diagnosis of COVID-19 and Pneumocystis jirovecii pulmonary coinfection is difficult due to clinical and radiological similarities that exist between the two disorders. For the moment, fungal coinfections are underestimated in COVID-19 patients. Case presentation: We report the case of a 52-year-old male patient, who presented to the emergency department for severe dyspnea and died 17 h later. The RT-PCR test performed at his admission was negative for SARS-CoV-2. Retesting of lung fragments collected during autopsy revealed a positive result for SARS-CoV-2. Histopathological examination showed preexisting lesions, due to comorbidities, as well as recent lesions: massive lung thromboses, alveolar exudate rich in foam cells, suprapleural and intra-alveolar Pneumocystis jirovecii cystic forms, and bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. The existing coinfection was identified after the autopsy. Establishing the diagnosis of this coinfection is difficult due to clinical and radiological similarities that exist between the two disorders. For the moment, fungal coinfections are underestimated in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: COVID-19 and P. jirovecii coinfection should be considered, particularly in critically ill patients, and we recommend the systematic search for P. jirovecii in respiratory samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Pneumocystis jirovecii Pulmonary Coinfection—The First Case Confirmed through Autopsy

Jeican

Inișca²,

Gheban

et al. 2021

Medicina

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“…Thus, the type of sample (e.g., blood, serum, sputum, nasal swabs, fecal matter, urine), collection methods, and sample preprocessing all play a vital role in detection regardless of the technique. For instance, the sensitivity of RT-PCR tests is dependent on the type of swab used[151].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a review of molecular diagnostic tools including sample collection and commercial response with associated advantages and limitations

et al. 2020

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The unprecedented global pandemic known as SARS-CoV-2 has exercised to its limits nearly all aspects of modern viral diagnostics. In doing so, it has illuminated both the advantages and limitations of current technologies. Tremendous effort has been put forth to expand our capacity to diagnose this deadly virus. In this work, we put forth key observations in the functionality of current methods for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing. These methods include nucleic acid amplification-, CRISPR-, sequencing-, antigen-, and antibody-based detection methods. Additionally, we include analysis of equally critical aspects of COVID-19 diagnostics, including sample collection and preparation, testing models, and commercial response. We emphasize the integrated nature of assays, wherein issues in sample collection and preparation could impact the overall performance in a clinical setting.

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3D-Printed Microfluidics Potential in Combating Future and Current Pandemics (COVID-19)

Eassa

Helal

Amer³

et al. 2022

RADDF

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in China in December 2019. In March 2020, the WHO declared it as a pandemic leading to worldwide lockdowns and travel restrictions. By May, it infected 4,789,205 and killed 318,789. This led to severe shortages in the medical sector besides devastating socio-economic effects. Many technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), microfluidics, 3D printing and 3D scanning can step in to contain the virus and hinder its extensive spread. This article aims to explore the potentials of 3D printing and microfluidic in accelerating the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease and fulfilling the shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) and medical equipment. It highlights the main applications of 3D printers and microfluidics in providing PPE (masks, respirators, face shields, goggles, isolation chambers/hoods), supportive care (respiratory equipment) and diagnostic supplies (sampling swabs & lab-on-chip) to ease the COVID-19 pressures. Also, the cost of such technology and regulations considerations are addressed. We conclude that 3D-printing provided reusable and low cost solutions to mitigate the shortages. However, safety, sterility and compatibility with environmental protection standards need to be guaranteed through standardization and assessment by regulatory bodies. Finally, lessons learned from this pandemic can also help the world prepare for upcoming outbreaks

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Overcoming Limitations in the Availability of Swabs Systems Used for SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory Diagnostics

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

COVID-19 and Pneumocystis jirovecii Pulmonary Coinfection—The First Case Confirmed through Autopsy

COVID-19 and Pneumocystis jirovecii Pulmonary Coinfection—The First Case Confirmed through Autopsy

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a review of molecular diagnostic tools including sample collection and commercial response with associated advantages and limitations

3D-Printed Microfluidics Potential in Combating Future and Current Pandemics (COVID-19)

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