Osteosarcoma has a relatively high
incidence rate among primary
malignant tumors, and the survival rate is low. Clinically, surgical
resection and chemotherapy are mainly used, which are difficult to
utilize to treat metastatic or recurrent osteosarcoma. The combination
of chemotherapy and immunotherapy can achieve a better tumor treatment
effect. M1 macrophages (M1 Mø) can kill tumor cells and have
tumor-targeting and phagocytosis ability, which are an ideal tool
for tumor-targeted drug delivery. However, as carriers, living cells
have the disadvantages of uncontrollable size, poor tissue permeability,
and poor stability. In this study, the M1 macrophage membrane (M1M)
was used as the carrier and loaded with MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2)-sensitive
drug-loaded liposomes (GL) to prepare a complex nanovesicle drug delivery
system M1M (GL/DOX/TPI-1), with a tumor active targeting function,
for combined chemical and immune therapy from doxorubicin (DOX) and
tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor 1 (TPI-1). The complex nanovesicles
not only retain the tumor-targeting ability from the M1 macrophage
membrane but also have the advantages of controllable size, responsive
drug release, and high stability. The results of in vivo efficacy test show that the drug delivery system realizes active
targeted enrichment in osteosarcoma tissue. Under the response of
MMP-2, the internally encapsulated antitumor drugs DOX and TPI-1 from
the system are released. This drug delivery system combined with chemical
and immune treatment can effectively achieve the aim of the treatment
of osteosarcoma.