Overexpression of a Transcription Factor OsMADS15 Modifies Plant Architecture and Flowering Time in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Lu, Sun-Jie; He, Wei; Ya, Wang; Wang, Huimei; Yang, Ruifang; Zhang, Xiaobo; Tu, J. C.

doi:10.1007/s11105-012-0468-9

Cited by 62 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It may be an ancestral function prior to the AP1 / FUL duplications in monocots to induce the flowering competence and sustain the inflorescence development. This is further supported by the fact that rice seedlings overexpressing OsMADS15 and OsMADS18 showed early flowering (Fornara et al , Lu et al ), and our results that ectopic expression of BdFUL2 and BdFUL3 in B. distachyon caused early flowering phenotype (Fig. B, C, E).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Functional conservation and diversification of APETALA1/FRUITFULL genes in Brachypodium distachyon

Wang

et al. 2016

Physiologia Plantarum

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The duplicated grass APETALA1/FRUITFULL (AP1/FUL) genes have distinct but overlapping patterns of expression, suggesting their discrete roles in transition to flowering, specification of spikelet meristem identity and specification of floral organ identity. In this study, we analyzed the expression patterns and functions of four AP1/FUL paralogs (BdVRN1, BdFUL2, BdFUL3 and BdFUL4) in Brachypodium distachyon, a model plant for the temperate cereals and related grasses. Among the four genes tested, only BdVRN1 could remember the prolonged cold treatment. The recently duplicated BdVRN1 and BdFUL2 genes were expressed in a highly consistent manner and ectopic expressions of them caused similar phenotypes such as extremely early flowering and severe morphological alterations of floral organs, indicating their redundant roles in floral transition, inflorescence development and floral organ identity. In comparison, ectopic expressions of BdFUL3 and BdFUL4 only caused a moderate early flowering phenotype, suggesting their divergent function. In yeast two-hybrid assay, both BdVRN1 and BdFUL2 physically interact with SEP proteins but only BdFUL2 is able to form a homodimer. BdVRN1 also interacts weakly with BdFUL2. Our results indicate that, since the separation of AP1/FUL genes in grasses, the process of sub- or neo-functionalization has occurred and paralogs function redundantly and/or separately in flowering competence and inflorescence development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Functional conservation and diversification of APETALA1/FRUITFULL genes in Brachypodium distachyon

Wang

et al. 2016

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…1A-C), which provides more time for the formation of additional spikelets. This seems to be also the case in rice, where overexpression of OsMADS15 , resulted in reducted number of primary branches in the panicle (Lu et al, 2012). Similarly, a stop codon mutation in a homolog of AP1 in rapeseed altered plant architecture and increased the number of seeds per plant (Shah et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…In Brachypodium , overexpression of VRN1 (Ream et al, 2014), FUL2 or FUL3 (Li et al, 2016) accelerates flowering, and downregulation of VRN1 delays flowering relative to non-transgenic controls (Woods et al, 2016). In rice, overexpression of OsMADS15 also accelerates flowering (Lu et al, 2012). These results suggest a conserved role of these genes in the regulation of flowering time in grasses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WheatVRN1,FUL2andFUL3play critical and redundant roles in spikelet development and spike determinacy

Lin

Chen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Word count: 6994 (6378 + 616 figure legends) 16 SUMMARY STATEMENT 17 The wheat MADS-box proteins VRN1, FUL2 and FUL3 play critical and overlapping roles in 18 the development of spikelets, which are the basic unit of all grass inflorescences.19 2 ABSTRACT 20The spikelet is the basic unit of the grass inflorescence. In this study, we show that wheat 21 MADS-box genes VRN1, FUL2 and FUL3 play critical and redundant roles in spikelet and spike 22 development, and also affect flowering time and plant height. In the vrn1ful2ful3-null triple 23 mutant, the inflorescence meristem formed a normal double-ridge structure, but then the lateral 24 meristems generated vegetative tillers subtended by leaves instead of spikelets. These results 25 suggest an essential role of these three genes in the determination of spikelet meristem identity 26 and the suppression of the lower ridge. Inflorescence meristems of vrn1ful2ful3-null and 27 vrn1ful2-null remained indeterminate and single vrn1-null and ful2-null mutants showed delayed 28 formation of the terminal spikelet and increased number of spikelets per spike. Moreover, the 29 ful2-null mutant showed more florets per spikelet, which together with a higher number of 30 spikelets, resulted in a significant increase in the number of grains per spike in the field. Our 31 results suggest that a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying wheat spikelet and 32 spike development can inform future strategies to improve grain yield in wheat. 33 34 35 3 65 4reiterates the development of leafy shoots (Ferrándiz et al., 2000). In rice, combined loss-of-66 function mutations in OsMADS14 (ortholog of VRN1) and OsMADS15 (ortholog of FUL2) 67 resulted in inflorescences with leaf-like organs on top of the primary branches (Wu et al., 2017). 68Simultaneous knockdown of OsMADS14, OsMADS15 and OsMAD18 (ortholog of FUL3) in a 69 Ospap2 (a SEPALLATA subfamily MADS-box) mutant background eliminated the formation of 70 primary branches, and resulted in the formation of lateral vegetative tillers subtended by leaves 71 (Kobayashi et al., 2012). 72 MIKC-type MADS-box proteins have a highly conserved MADS DNA-binding domain, an 73 Intervening (I) domain, a Keratin-like (K) domain, and a C-terminal domain. These proteins bind 74 as dimers to DNA sequences named 'CArG' boxes, and organize in tetrameric complexes that 75 can recognize different CArG boxes. The multimeric nature of these complexes generates a large 76 number of combinatorial possibilities with different targets and functions (Honma and Goto, 77 2001); (Theissen et al., 2016). 78The closest homologs to the Arabidopsis MADS-box genes AP1, CAL and FUL in the grass 79 lineage are VERNALIZATION 1 (VRN1), FUL2 and FUL3. A phylogenetic analysis of the 80 proteins encoded by these genes (Fig. S1) indicates that the Arabidopsis and grass proteins have 81 independent sub-functionalization stories (Preston and Kellogg, 2006). In the grass lineage, the 82 VRN1 and FUL2 clades are closer to each other than to the FUL3 clade (Preston and Ke...

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“…This finding is consistent with the results obtained by Lu et al . (), who reported that plants over‐expressing OsMADS15 , a downstream target of FAC–OsFD1, flowered early but had fewer tillers. Thus, the FAC may recruit as yet unidentified transcription factor(s) that are responsible for the promotion of branching, and these transcription factors may determine which genes are the target genes (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hd3a promotes lateral branching in rice

et al. 2015

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SUMMARYAccumulating evidence indicates that the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein is the mobile floral signal known as florigen. A rice FT homolog, Heading date 3a (Hd3a), is transported from the phloem to shoot apical cells, where it interacts with 14-3-3 proteins and transcription factor OsFD1 to form a florigen activation complex (FAC) that activates a rice homolog of the floral identity gene APETALA1. Recent studies showed that florigen has roles in plant development beyond flowering; however, the exact nature of these roles is not well understood. It is not clear whether FT is transported to organs outside the shoot apex, and whether FAC formation is required for processes other than flowering. We show here that the Hd3a protein accumulates in axillary meristems to promote branching, and that FAC formation is required. Analysis of transgenic plants revealed that Hd3a promotes branching through lateral bud outgrowth. Hd3a protein produced in the phloem reached the axillary meristem in the lateral bud, and its transport was required for promotion of branching. Moreover, mutant Hd3a proteins defective in FAC formation but competent with respect to transport did not promote branching. Finally, we show that Hd3a promotes branching independently from strigolactone and FC1, a transcription factor that inhibits branching in rice. Together, these results suggest that Hd3a functions as a mobile signal for branching in rice.

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Overexpression of a Transcription Factor OsMADS15 Modifies Plant Architecture and Flowering Time in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Cited by 62 publications

References 53 publications

Functional conservation and diversification of APETALA1/FRUITFULL genes in Brachypodium distachyon

Functional conservation and diversification of APETALA1/FRUITFULL genes in Brachypodium distachyon

WheatVRN1,FUL2andFUL3play critical and redundant roles in spikelet development and spike determinacy

Hd3a promotes lateral branching in rice

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