Overexpression of autophagy-related beclin-1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with lymph-node metastasis

Okura, Risa; Nakamura, Motonobu

doi:10.1684/ejd.2011.1516

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In contrast to other findings in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [19] and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [20], Beclin 1 protein expression was higher in CRC than colorectal adenoma and adjacent NNM which is in line with gastric [21] and ovarian cancers [22], suggesting that Beclin 1 overexpression might play an important role in colorectal adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence as an early event. Our Western blot analysis also showed the same results in gastric [21] and ovarian [22] carcinomas although Beclin 1 expression in stromal cells from colorectal samples could be excluded from immunohistochemical data by their specific histomorphological features and topographic location.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

Beclin 1 Expression is Closely Linked to Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Distant Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma

Zhang

Gou

Zhao

et al. 2014

IJMS

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Beclin 1 participates in development, autophagy, differentiation, anti- apoptosis, neurodegeneration, tumorigenesis and cancer progression. The roles of Beclin 1 in colorectal carcinogenesis and its subsequent progression are still unclear. Here, the mRNA and protein expression of Beclin 1 were determined in colorectal carcinoma and matched mucosa by Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) were performed on tissue microarryer with colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and mucosa. The expression of Beclin 1 mRNA and protein was found to be higher in colorectal carcinoma than matched mucosa by real-time PCR and Western blot (p < 0.05). According to the ISH data, Beclin 1 expression was lower in colorectal non-neoplastic mucosa (NNM) than adenoma and carcinoma (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemically, primary carcinoma showed stronger Beclin 1 expression than NNM and metastatic carcinoma in the liver (p < 0.05). Beclin 1 protein expression was negatively related to liver and distant metastasis (p < 0.05), but not correlated with age, sex, depth of invasion, lymphatic or venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging, differentiation or serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration (p > 0.05). Survival analysis indicated that Beclin 1 expression was not linked to favorable prognosis of the patients with colorectal carcinoma (p > 0.05). Cox’s model indicated that depth of invasion and distant metastasis were independent prognostic factors for colorectal carcinomas (p < 0.05). It was suggested that Beclin 1 expression is closely linked to colorectal carcinogenesis and distant metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

Beclin 1 Expression is Closely Linked to Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Distant Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma

Zhang

Gou

Zhao

et al. 2014

IJMS

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“…These results demonstrate that Beclin-1 can inhibit tumourigenesis by non-autophagic methods ( 7 , 27 ). In the present study, decreased Beclin-1 expression by immunohistochemistry was associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and advanced clinical TNM stage of OTSCC, indicating that Beclin-1 may be involved in the tumourigenesis and progression, consistent with the results of several studies ( 8 , 13 , 15 , 18 , 27 – 29 ). Accordingly, increased Beclin-1 expression was associated with the absence of lymphatic invasion and a low rate of distant metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( 11 , 18 ), reduced cell proliferation in glioma ( 30 ), and reduced invasiveness and metastasis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the present study, Beclin-1 expression was decreased in 78.6% OTSCC tissues when compared with matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues, which implied that Beclin-1 may be important in carcinogenesis, consistent with other findings ( 12 , 13 , 15 – 18 , 23 , 24 ). Similarly, it was observed that the mRNA and protein levels of Beclin-1 in a normal tongue squamous cell line were higher than those of OTSCC cell lines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Consistent with this dual role, certain studies reports have demonstrated that the increased expression of Beclin-1 is correlated with poor differentiation of ovarian carcinoma ( 8 ) and endometrial adenocarcinomas ( 33 ). Similarly, the prognostic relevance of Beclin-1 expression has been discussed in various malignancies, but the results are controversial ( 8 – 15 , 18 , 28 , 31 , 33 – 35 ). In the present study, a positive link between the Beclin-1 expression level and favourable survival was revealed in OTSCC, which was similar to the results in several other types of cancer, including gastric carcinoma ( 14 , 15 ), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ( 18 ), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma ( 28 ), hepatocellular carcinoma ( 12 ), oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( 31 ), colon carcinoma ( 10 ), lymphoma ( 35 ), ovarian carcinoma ( 13 ), and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the prognostic relevance of Beclin-1 expression has been discussed in various malignancies, but the results are controversial ( 8 – 15 , 18 , 28 , 31 , 33 – 35 ). In the present study, a positive link between the Beclin-1 expression level and favourable survival was revealed in OTSCC, which was similar to the results in several other types of cancer, including gastric carcinoma ( 14 , 15 ), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ( 18 ), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma ( 28 ), hepatocellular carcinoma ( 12 ), oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( 31 ), colon carcinoma ( 10 ), lymphoma ( 35 ), ovarian carcinoma ( 13 ), and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( 11 ). By contrast, several studies have reported that patients with lower Beclin-1 expression exhibit a significant overall survival advantage compared with those with higher expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( 34 ), ovarian carcinoma ( 8 ) and endometrial adenocarcinoma ( 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decreased expression of Beclin-1 is significantly associated with a poor prognosis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Zhong

Huang

et al. 2016

Molecular Medicine Reports

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The autophagy-related gene Beclin-1 is critical in the regulation of tumourigenesis and progression, but its role in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) has not yet been reported. This study aimed to investigate Beclin-1 expression and its significance in OTSCC. Beclin-1 expression was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction or western blot analysis in 14 OTSCC tissues and matched adjacent noncancerous tissues as well as in 5 OTSCC cell lines and a normal tongue epithelial cell line. Beclin-1 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 133 OTSCC specimens, and the correlation between Beclin-1 expression and clinicopathological features was investigated. Furthermore, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to investigate the effect of Beclin-1 on the proliferation and clonogenicity of OTSCC cells. It was demonstrated that Beclin-1 expression was significantly decreased in the majority of the 14 OTSCC tissues and the 5 OTSCC cell lines relative to the matched non-cancerous tissues and the normal tongue epithelial cell line, respectively. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that decreased Beclin-1 expression was significantly correlated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical tumour-node-metastasis stage, and a poor prognosis in patients with OTSCC. The in vitro assays indicated that the overexpression of Beclin-1 significantly inhibits the proliferation and clonogenicity of OTSCC cells. These results demonstrate that Beclin-1 acts as a tumour suppressor in the development or progression of OTSCC and that Beclin-1 may represent a novel prognostic marker for patients with OTSCC.

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Beclin 1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for gastric carcinomas

Gou

Zhao³

et al. 2013

Tumor Biol.

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Beclin 1, an important autophagy-related protein in human cells, is involved in autophagy, differentiation, anti-apoptosis, and cancer progression, which is increased during periods of cell stress and extinguished during the cell cycle. In order to clarify the role of Beclin 1 in gastric carcinogenesis and subsequent progression, its expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) on tissue microarrays containing gastric carcinomas, adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa, and metastatic lymph node. Gastric carcinoma tissue and cell lines were studied for Beclin 1 expression by Western blot or RT-PCR, respectively. The results demonstrated that Beclin 1 was distinctively expressed in GES-1, AGS, BGC-823, GT-3 TKB, HGC-27, KATO-III, MGC-803, MKN28, MKN45, SCH, SGC-7901, or STKM-2 at both mRNA and protein levels. However, Beclin 1 mRNA was highly expressed in gastric carcinoma than matched mucosa by real-time PCR and ISH (P < 0.05). Beclin 1 expression was negatively related to distant metastasis and poor prognosis of gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05). Beclin 1 was highly expressed in male than female patients with gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05). The 65-year-elder patients with gastric carcinoma had higher Beclin 1 expression than the younger ones (P < 0.05). The diffuse-type carcinomas showed less Beclin 1 expression than intestinal- and mixed-type ones (P < 0.05). In intestinal-type gastric carcinoma, Beclin 1 expression was inversely associated with venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that Beclin 1 expression was positively linked to favorable prognosis of the patients with overall and intestinal-type carcinoma (P < 0.05). Cox's proportional hazard model indicated that venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM staging, and Beclin 1 expression were independent prognostic factors for gastric carcinomas (P < 0.05). It was suggested that aberrant Beclin 1 expression is closely linked to pathogenesis, metastasis, and differentiation of gastric carcinoma. Beclin 1 expression might be employed to indicate the favorable prognosis of gastric carcinomas as an independent factor.

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Overexpression of autophagy-related beclin-1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with lymph-node metastasis

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Beclin 1 Expression is Closely Linked to Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Distant Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma

Beclin 1 Expression is Closely Linked to Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Distant Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma

Decreased expression of Beclin-1 is significantly associated with a poor prognosis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Beclin 1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for gastric carcinomas

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