Overexpression of blueberry FLOWERING LOCUS T is associated with changes in the expression of phytohormone-related genes in blueberry plants

Gao, Xuan; Walworth, Aaron E.; MacKie, Charity; Song, Guo Qing

doi:10.1038/hortres.2016.53

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…However, the genes are essential for other aspects for flowering, such as the agents for flowering time control [ SVP (Li et al, 2015); SOC1 (Liu et al, 2016); (Gao et al, 2016)]. Therefore, we set-out to characterize their evolutionary trajectory.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Analysis of MIKCc-Type MADS-Box Genes in Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

et al. 2017

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MIKCc-type MADS-box genes encode transcription factors that control floral organ morphogenesis and flowering time in flowering plants. Here, in order to determine when the subfamilies of MIKCc originated and their early evolutionary trajectory, we sampled and analyzed the genomes and large-scale transcriptomes representing all the orders of gymnosperms and basal angiosperms. Through phylogenetic inference, the MIKCc-type MADS-box genes were subdivided into 14 monophyletic clades. Among them, the gymnosperm orthologs of AGL6, SEP, AP1, GMADS, SOC1, AGL32, AP3/PI, SVP, AGL15, ANR1, and AG were identified. We identified and characterized the origin of a novel subfamily GMADS within gymnosperms but lost orthologs in monocots and Brassicaceae. ABCE model prototype genes were relatively conserved in terms of gene number in gymnosperms, but expanded in angiosperms, whereas SVP, SOC1, and GMADS had dramatic expansions in gymnosperms but conserved in angiosperms. Our results provided the most detailed evolutionary history of all MIKCc gene clades in gymnosperms and angiosperms. We proposed that although the near complete set of MIKCc genes had evolved in gymnosperms, the duplication and expressional transition of ABCE model MIKCc genes in the ancestor of angiosperms triggered the first flower.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Analysis of MIKCc-Type MADS-Box Genes in Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

et al. 2017

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“…Comparative transcriptome analysis provides a powerful tool to study the differentially expressed genes associated with phenotypic changes in transgenic blueberry plants [ 20 , 21 , 26 , 27 ]. In terms of flowering time regulation, overexpression of a blueberry FLOWERING LOCUS T ( VcFT ) (an increase of approximately 2900-fold) was unable to completely eliminate the need for chilling in blueberry for normal flowering [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functional analysis of a blueberry FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) gene ( VcFT ) has been conducted to study flowering mechanisms in highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum L.) [ 19 – 21 ]. Overexpression of VcFT (approx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, two- and three-year-old VcFT -overexpressing plants did not flower normally, and the majority of the flower buds did not open under greenhouse conditions without chilling. It is interesting that overexpression of VcFT was not sufficient to completely release all blueberry floral buds from dormancy, suggesting that the molecular pathways for floral transition and breaking of seasonal dormancy only partially overlap in this species [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An invaluable transgenic blueberry for studying chilling-induced flowering in woody plants

Song

Walworth

2018

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundMany deciduous woody crops require a minimum level of chilling to break dormancy and allow the seasonal growth of vegetative and floral buds. In this study, we report the discovery of an invaluable transgenic event of the blueberry cultivar ‘Legacy’ (hereafter, Mu-Legacy) for studying chilling-induced flowering in woody plants. Mu-legacy and its progeny provide a unique material to study the unknown mechanism of chilling-mediated flowering in woody plants.ResultsUnlike nontransgenic ‘Legacy’ and plants of 48 other transgenic events, Mu-Legacy plants were able to flower under nonchilling conditions and had early flower bud formation, reduced plant size, and reduced chilling requirement for normal flowering. These characteristics were heritable and also observed in self-pollinated, transgenic T1 progenies of Mu-Legacy. A 47-Kbp genomic sequence surrounding the transgene insertion position was identified. RNA-sequencing data showed increased expression of a RESPONSE REGULATOR 2-like gene (VcRR2), located adjacent to the insertion position in Mu-Legacy and likely driven by the CaMV 35S promoter of the transgene. The Mu-Legacy showed 209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in nonchilled flower buds (compared to nontransgenic ‘Legacy’), of which only four DEGs were in the flowering pathway. This suggests altered expression of these few genes, VcRR2 and four flowering DEGs, is sufficient to significantly change flowering behavior in Mu-Legacy.ConclusionsThe significance of VcRR2 in Mu-Legacy suggests that the VcRR2-involved cytokinin pathway likely contributes to the major differences in chilling-mediated flowering between woody and herbaceous plants. More importantly, Mu-Legacy shows increased yield potential, a decreased chilling requirement, and better winter hardiness than many low-chilling cultivars growing in southern warm winter conditions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1494-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Furthermore, shoot organogenesis is one of the regeneration pathways for genetic transformation (Song and Sink, 2004). Thus far, few cultivars have been genetically transformed (Gao et al, 2016;Song and Sink, 2004); the lack of reliable regeneration systems could be one of the limiting factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Regeneration of Blueberry Cultivars through Indirect Shoot Organogenesis

Qiu

Wei

Fan

et al. 2018

horts

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Leaf explants derived from in vitro–grown shoots of blueberry cultivars Bluejay, Pink Lemonade, Sunshine Blue, and Top Hat were cultured on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 9.12 μm 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enylamino) purine or zeatin (ZT) in combination with 1.23, 2.46, or 4.92 μm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Calluses were induced from the explants and adventitious shoots were regenerated. ‘Sunshine Blue’ and ‘Top Hat’ produced more than four shoots per explant but shoot numbers were less than one for each ‘Pink Lemonade’ explant and about 0.2 per ‘Bluejay’ explant. The results indicate that there is significant difference among cultivars in indirect shoot organogenesis. The differences may be related to their diverse genetic background as they are polyploid hybrids. Microcuttings derived from adventitious shoots of ‘Sunshine Blue’ rooted in vitro in WPM medium supplemented with 9.84 μm IBA and also rooted ex vitro in a peat-based substrate after cuttings were dipped or not dipped in IBA solutions. Direct rooting of microcuttings in the peat-based substrate was effective, suggesting that in vitro rooting may not be necessarily needed. Survival rate of ex vitro–rooted plants in a shaded greenhouse was high, more than 90%. The established shoot regeneration protocols could be used for rapid propagation of ‘Sunshine Blue’ and ‘Top Hat’ and for cultivar improvement through genetic transformation.

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Overexpression of blueberry FLOWERING LOCUS T is associated with changes in the expression of phytohormone-related genes in blueberry plants

Cited by 40 publications

References 83 publications

Evolutionary Analysis of MIKCc-Type MADS-Box Genes in Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Evolutionary Analysis of MIKCc-Type MADS-Box Genes in Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

An invaluable transgenic blueberry for studying chilling-induced flowering in woody plants

Regeneration of Blueberry Cultivars through Indirect Shoot Organogenesis

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