Overexpression of CsMIXTA, a Transcription Factor from Cannabis sativa, Increases Glandular Trichome Density in Tobacco Leaves

Haiden, Samuel R.; Apicella, Peter V.; Ma, Yi; Berkowitz, Gerald A.

doi:10.3390/plants11111519

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…sativus ) (Dong et al., 2022), but our understanding of the regulatory network involved in cannabis GT development is still in its infancy. Recently, an R2R3‐MYB TF, CsMIXTA, was reported to positively regulate GT development in cannabis (Haiden et al., 2022). Several MIXTA homologs have been identified as key factors involved in GT formation, such as AaMIXTA1 which has been shown to be involved in the regulation of GT initiation and cuticle biosynthesis in A. annua (Shi et al., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research in cannabis has led to the identification of an R2R3‐MYB TF, named CsMIXTA, that may play a positive regulatory role in cannabis GT development. This hypothesis is based on the observed high expression levels of CsMIXTA in cannabis GTs and the resulting increase in GT density when CsMIXTA is overexpressed in transgenic tobacco plants (Haiden et al., 2022). However, how TFs regulate GT development in cannabis remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep learning‐based quantification and transcriptomic profiling reveal a methyl jasmonate‐mediated glandular trichome formation pathway in Cannabis sativa

Huang,

Chen,

Zhao

et al. 2024

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYCannabis glandular trichomes (GTs) are economically and biotechnologically important structures that have a remarkable morphology and capacity to produce, store, and secrete diverse classes of secondary metabolites. However, our understanding of the developmental changes and the underlying molecular processes involved in cannabis GT development is limited. In this study, we developed Cannabis Glandular Trichome Detection Model (CGTDM), a deep learning‐based model capable of differentiating and quantifying three types of cannabis GTs with a high degree of efficiency and accuracy. By profiling at eight different time points, we captured dynamic changes in gene expression, phenotypes, and metabolic processes associated with GT development. By integrating weighted gene co‐expression network analysis with CGTDM measurements, we established correlations between phenotypic variations in GT traits and the global transcriptome profiles across the developmental gradient. Notably, we identified a module containing methyl jasmonate (MeJA)‐responsive genes that significantly correlated with stalked GT density and cannabinoid content during development, suggesting the existence of a MeJA‐mediated GT formation pathway. Our findings were further supported by the successful promotion of GT development in cannabis through exogenous MeJA treatment. Importantly, we have identified CsMYC4 as a key transcription factor that positively regulates GT formation via MeJA signaling in cannabis. These findings provide novel tools for GT detection and counting, as well as valuable information for understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism of GT formation, which has the potential to facilitate the molecular breeding, targeted engineering, informed harvest timing, and manipulation of cannabinoid production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep learning‐based quantification and transcriptomic profiling reveal a methyl jasmonate‐mediated glandular trichome formation pathway in Cannabis sativa

Huang,

Chen,

Zhao

et al. 2024

The Plant Journal

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show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number and density of GTs are crucial parameters for the quality evaluation of various crops that produce volatile oils as economic products [ 46 ]. Traditional studies have typically relied on manual counting of GTs in a random or entire area of the samples [ 46 – 48 ]. However, these experimental strategies often fail to ensure the effectiveness of the statistical procedure or the completeness of the information gathered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying quantitative spatial phenotypes analysis to the investigation of peltate glandular trichomes development pattern in Perilla frutescens

Jiang,

Zhou,

Shao

et al. 2023

Plant Methods

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Background Glandular trichomes, often referred to as “phytochemical factories”, plays a crucial role in plant growth and metabolism. As the site for secretion and storage, the development of glandular trichomes is related to the dynamic biosynthesis of specialised metabolites. The study aims to explore the relationship between spatial phenotype and dynamic metabolism of glandular trichomes, and establish a novel approach for the exploration and study of the regulatory mechanism governing the development of glandular trichomes. Results In this study, we proposed a technical route based on the relative deviation value to distinguish the peltate glandular trichomes (PGTs) from the background tissues and extract their spatial phenotype. By defining glandular trichome developmental stages based on the leaf vein growth axis, we found that young PGTs were densely distributed near the proximal end of growth axis of the leaf veins, where perillaketone, a primary metabolite of PGTs, is predominantly accumulated. Conversely, mature PGTs are typically found near the distal end of the mid-vein growth axis and the lateral end of the secondary vein growth axis, where the accumulation rate of isoegomaketone and egomaketone exceeds that of perillaketone in PGTs. We further identified spatial phenotypic parameters, Lsum and d, as independent variables to construct a linear regression model that illustrates the relationship between the spatial phenotypes and metabolite content of PGTs, including perillaketone (R2 = 0.698), egomaketone (R2 = 0.593), isoegomaketone (R2 = 0.662) and the sum of the amount (R2 = 0.773). Conclusions This model proved that the development of PGTs was correlated with the growth of the entire leaf, and the development stage of PGTs can be identifined by spatial phenotypes based on the leaf veins. In conclusion, the findings of this study enhance our understanding of correlation between spatial phenotype and development of glandular trichomes and offer a new approach to explore and study the regulatory mechanism of glandular trichome development.

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“…In C. Sativa, CsMYB1 can bind CsCBCAS and CsCBDAS promoters, negatively regulating cannabinoid accumulation [128]. Overexpression of CsMIXTA (R2R3-MYB TF) in N. tabacum promotes trichoid development, suggesting that it may promote cannabinoid production by increasing the formation of cannabis glandular trichoid [129].…”

Section: Regulation Of Terpenoid Biosynthesis By Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions of Representative Terpenoids and Their Biosynthesis Mechanisms in Medicinal Plants

Wang,

Zhao,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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Terpenoids are the broadest and richest group of chemicals obtained from plants. These plant-derived terpenoids have been extensively utilized in various industries, including food and pharmaceuticals. Several specific terpenoids have been identified and isolated from medicinal plants, emphasizing the diversity of biosynthesis and specific functionality of terpenoids. With advances in the technology of sequencing, the genomes of certain important medicinal plants have been assembled. This has improved our knowledge of the biosynthesis and regulatory molecular functions of terpenoids with medicinal functions. In this review, we introduce several notable medicinal plants that produce distinct terpenoids (e.g., Cannabis sativa, Artemisia annua, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ginkgo biloba, and Taxus media). We summarize the specialized roles of these terpenoids in plant-environment interactions as well as their significance in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Additionally, we highlight recent findings in the fields of molecular regulation mechanisms involved in these distinct terpenoids biosynthesis, and propose future opportunities in terpenoid research, including biology seeding, and genetic engineering in medicinal plants.

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Overexpression of CsMIXTA, a Transcription Factor from Cannabis sativa, Increases Glandular Trichome Density in Tobacco Leaves

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Deep learning‐based quantification and transcriptomic profiling reveal a methyl jasmonate‐mediated glandular trichome formation pathway in Cannabis sativa

Deep learning‐based quantification and transcriptomic profiling reveal a methyl jasmonate‐mediated glandular trichome formation pathway in Cannabis sativa

Applying quantitative spatial phenotypes analysis to the investigation of peltate glandular trichomes development pattern in Perilla frutescens

Functions of Representative Terpenoids and Their Biosynthesis Mechanisms in Medicinal Plants

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