Overexpression of OsF3H modulates WBPH stress by alteration of phenylpropanoid pathway at a transcriptomic and metabolomic level in Oryza sativa

Abstract

The whitebacked planthopper (WBPH), has become a devastating pest for rice crops, causes serious yield losses each year, and urgently needs biological control. Here, we developed a WBPH-resistant rice cultivar by overexpressing the OsF3H gene. A genetic functional analysis of the OsF3H gene confirmed its role in facilitating flavonoid contents and have indicated that the expression of the OsF3H gene is involved in regulation of the downstream genes (OsDFR and OsFLS) of the flavonoid pathway and genes (OsSLR1 and OsWRKY13) involved in other physiological pathways. OxF3H (OsF3H transgenic) plants accumulated significant amounts of the flavonols kaempferol (Kr) and quercetin (Qu) and the anthocyanins delphinidin and cyanidin, compared to the wild type, in response to the stress induced by WBPH. Similarly, OsF3H-related proteins were significantly expressed in OxF3H lines after WBPH infestation. The present study, indicated that the regulation of JA in OxF3H plants was suppressed due the overexpression of the OsF3H gene, which induced the expression of downstream genes related to anthocyanin. Similarly, the OsWRKY13 transcriptional factor was significantly suppressed in OxF3H plants during WBPH infestation. Exogenous application of Kr and Qu increased the survival rates of susceptible TN1 lines in response to WBPH, while decreased the survival rate of first instar WBPHs, indicating that both flavonols exhibit pesticide activity. Phenotypic demonstration also affirms that OxF3H plants show strong resistance to WBPH compared with wild type. Collectively, our result suggested that OsF3H overexpression led to the up-regulation of defense related genes and enhanced rice resistance to WBPH infestation.

Halotolerant bacteria mitigate the effects of salinity stress on soybean growth by regulating secondary metabolites and molecular responses

“…The reaction was performed in a 20 μl volume containing 7 μl ddH2O, 1 μl primer, 10 μl SYBER green and 1 μl cDNA. A total sample volume of 50 μl was subjected to the following condition: initial denaturation at 94 °C for 5 mint, 40 cycle of denaturation at 94 °C for 30 s, annealing at 58 °C for 30 s, extension at 72 °C for 1 mint and final extension at 72 °C for 5 mints [ 76 , 77 ].…”

The Potential of High-Anthocyanin Purple Rice as a Functional Ingredient in Human Health

“…Besides protective effects during plant growth, anthocyanins may also play important roles in controlling pests and maintaining plant growth. Several recent studies have reported that the increased expression levels of structural anthocyanin genes related with anthocyanin in rice plants are believed to be significant traits for enhancement of rice resistance to the white-backed planthopper [ 151 , 152 ]. A strong positive relationship between anthocyanin concentration and seedling vigor in rice has been also reported [ 153 ].…”

BTH Treatment Delays the Senescence of Postharvest Pitaya Fruit in Relation to Enhancing Antioxidant System and Phenylpropanoid Pathway

“…In phenylpropanoid pathway, PAL, 4CL and C4H serve as the critical enzymes, of which PAL and C4H are the first and second rate-limiting enzymes [ 45 , 46 ], whereas 4CL is the key enzyme leading to the branch of phenylpropanoid pathway [ 26 ]. Phenols and flavonoids are the end products of phenylpropanoid pathway, and their accumulation are closely associated with plant resistance and senescence [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. Lignin enhances the mechanical strength of plant cell walls and prevents microbial invasion [ 29 ], and is involved in regulation of senescence [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”