Overexpression of PSY1 increases fruit skin and flesh carotenoid content and reveals associated transcription factors in apple (Malus × domestica)

Ampomah-Dwamena, Charles; Tomes, Sumathi; Thrimawithana, Amali H.; Elborough, Caitlin; Bhargava, Nitisha; Rebstock, Ria; Sutherland, Paul; Ireland, Hilary S.; Allan, Andrew C.; Espley, Richard V.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.967143

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Dynamic balance between biosynthesis and metabolic catabolism determines carotenoid accumulation in tissues. This equilibrium is controlled by the interplay of biosynthetic enzymes in the upstream pathway, which regulate the flux of carotenoid production, and catabolic enzymes in the downstream pathway, responsible for metabolite turnover ( Ampomah-Dwamena et al., 2022 ). The regulation of the carotenoid pathway varies, affecting carotenoid biosynthesis and dictating the accumulation in both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic tissues ( Sun and Li, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of the effects of bagging treatment on carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation of Areca catechu L.

Zheng,

Huang,

Fan

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionFresh Aareca nut fruit for fresh fruit chewing commonly found in green or dark green hues. Despite its economic significance, there is currently insufficient research on the study of color and luster of areca. And the areca nut fruits after bagging showed obvious color change from green to tender yellow. In the study, we tried to explain this interesting variation in exocarp color.MethodsFruits were bagged (with a double-layered black interior and yellow exterior) 45 days after pollination and subsequently harvested 120 days after pollination. In this study, we examined the the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of pericarp exocarp, integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics to study the effects of bagging on the carotenoid pathway at the molecular level.ResultsIt was found that the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of bagged areca nut (YP) exocarp was significantly reduced. A total of 21 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and 1784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by transcriptomics and metabolomics. Three key genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway as candidate genes for qPCR validation by co-analysis, which suggested their role in the regulation of pathways related to crtB, crtZ and CYP707A.DiscussionWe described that light intensity may appear as a main factor influencing the noted shift from green to yellow and the ensuing reduction in carotenoid content after bagging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of the effects of bagging treatment on carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation of Areca catechu L.

Zheng,

Huang,

Fan

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Carotenoids are critical for nutrition and coloration in horticultural plants and play an important role in plant growth and development. The content of carotenoids and their components have become one of the important breeding objectives in apple. , The apple germplasm contains many specific resources to accumulate carotenoids. In this study, the specific materials were excavated from 105 apple wild resources, including types of germplasm with the higher or lower content of total carotenoids (Figure , Table S5), which could provide excellent materials to study carotenoids in apple fruits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The content of carotenoids in different varieties of Prunus and Citrus that are cultivated in China are well-known, while there is relatively less available information on the carotenoids in apple. − A study about the MdPSY family showed that the first rate-limiting step in the carotenoid pathway in apple is controlled by MdPSY1 and MdPSY2, and the overexpression of MdPSY1 can greatly increase the content of carotenoids in apple fruit. , MdAP2-34 can promote the biosynthesis of total carotenoids and abscisic acid (ABA) in apple fruit by directly activating the expression of MdPSY2 . In this study, the content of carotenoids of 105 fruits of apple germplasm resources was measured, and the correlation of the content of carotenoids and the expression of the pathway genes in mature fruits and during fruit development were analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Carotenoids and Gene Expression in Apple Germplasm Resources Reveals the Role of MdCRTISO and MdLCYE in the Accumulation of Carotenoids

Wang,

Tian,

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Carotenoids play an important role in the coloring and nutritional value of apple (Malus spp.) fruits. Here, six carotenoids, including lutein, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, violaxanthin, and neoxanthin, were detected in 105 fruits of apple germplasm resources, which showed a skewed distribution in both the peel and pulp. There were more carotenoids in the peel than in the pulp, and lutein and β-carotene were the primary carotenoids that were present. The expression levels of most carotenoid pathway genes in germplasm fruits during fruit development were higher in the fruits that had an abundance of carotenoids. A linear relationship analysis showed that the expression levels of MdCRTISO and MdLCYE were highly correlated with the content of carotenoids. The leaves accumulated the greatest number of carotenoids, while the roots had the lowest amount. MdCRTISO and MdLCYE were highly expressed in the fruits compared to other tissues. Transgenic calli and transiently transformed fruits confirmed that MdCRTISO and MdLCYE affected the biosynthesis of carotenoids owing to their effects on the expression of other genes for enzymes in the carotenoid pathway. Our findings will extend the understanding of carotenoid biosynthesis in apple and excavate apple germplasm resources with rich carotenoids to breed high-quality apples.

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“…Moreover, different light intensity or the presence of light has a significant impact on carotenoid production ( Grumbach and Lichtenthaler, 1982 ; Stanley and Yuan, 2019 ). In bagged fruits of apple, light exclusion reduced the content of carotenoid, but it was alleviated by PSY overexpression in fruits ( Ampomah-Dwamena et al., 2022 ). In green leaves of chili pepper, the absence of light was related to the low expressions of PSY and PDS genes and led to the low carotenoid content ( Simkin et al., 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different light intensity on leaf color changes in a Chinese cabbage yellow cotyledon mutant

Huo,

Zhang,

Gong

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Leaf color is one of the most important phenotypic features in horticultural crops and directly related to the contents of photosynthetic pigments. Most leaf color mutants are determined by the altered chlorophyll or carotenoid, which can be affected by light quality and intensity. Our previous study obtained a Chinese cabbage yellow cotyledon mutant that exhibited obvious yellow phenotypes in the cotyledons and the new leaves. However, the underlying mechanisms in the formation of yellow cotyledons and leaves remain unclear. In this study, the Chinese cabbage yellow cotyledon mutant 19YC-2 exhibited obvious difference in leaf color and abnormal chloroplast ultrastructure compared to the normal green cotyledon line 19GC-2. Remarkably, low-intensity light treatment caused turn-green leaves and a significant decrease in carotenoid content in 19YC-2. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the pathways of photosynthesis antenna proteins and carotenoid biosynthesis were significantly enriched during the process of leaf color changes, and many differentially expressed genes related to the two pathways were identified to respond to different light intensities. Remarkably, BrPDS and BrLCYE genes related to carotenoid biosynthesis showed significantly higher expression in 19YC-2 than that in 19GC-2, which was positively related to the higher carotenoid content in 19YC-2. In addition, several differentially expressed transcription factors were also identified and highly correlated to the changes in carotenoid content, suggesting that they may participate in the regulatory pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of leaf color changes in yellow cotyledon mutant 19YC-2 of Chinese cabbage.

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Overexpression of PSY1 increases fruit skin and flesh carotenoid content and reveals associated transcription factors in apple (Malus × domestica)

Abstract: and Espley RV (2022) Overexpression of PSY1 increases fruit skin and flesh carotenoid content and reveals associated transcription factors in apple (Malus × domestica).

Cited by 16 publications

References 112 publications

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of the effects of bagging treatment on carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation of Areca catechu L.

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of the effects of bagging treatment on carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation of Areca catechu L.

Analysis of Carotenoids and Gene Expression in Apple Germplasm Resources Reveals the Role of MdCRTISO and MdLCYE in the Accumulation of Carotenoids

Effects of different light intensity on leaf color changes in a Chinese cabbage yellow cotyledon mutant

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