Overexpression of ATP‐binding cassette transporters associated with sulfoxaflor resistance in Aphis gossypii glover

Abstract

BACKGROUND Sulfoxaflor is a new insecticide for controlling against Aphis gossypii in the field. ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters belong to a large superfamily of proteins and play an important role in the detoxification process. However, the potential role of ABC transporters in sulfoxaflor resistance in A. gossypii is unknown. RESULTS In this study, an ABC transporter inhibitor, verapamil, dramatically increased the toxicity of sulfoxaflor in the resistant population with a synergistic ratio of 8.55. However, verapamil did not synergize sulfoxaflor toxicity in the susceptible population. The contents of ABC transporters were significantly increased in the Sul‐R population. Based on RT‐qPCR analysis, 10 of 23 ABC transcripts, ABCA1, ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCB5, ABCD1, ABCG7, ABCG16, ABCG26, ABCG27, and MRP7, were up‐regulated in the Sul‐R population compared to the Sus population. Meanwhile, inductive effects of ABCA1, ABCD1, ABCG7 and ABCG26 by sulfoxaflor were found in A. gossypii. Furthermore, knockdown of ABCA1 and ABCD1 using RNAi significantly increased the sulfoxaflor sensitivity in Sul‐R aphids. CONCLUSION These results suggested that ABC transporters, especially the ABCA1 and ABCD1 genes, might be related with sulfoxaflor resistance in A. gossypii. This study will promote further work to validate the functional roles of these ABCs in sulfoxaflor resistance and might be helpful for the management of sulfoxaflor‐resistant A. gossypii.

Identification and functional analysis of ABC transporter genes related to deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens

“…35 Mastrantonio et al 24 found that, in Anopheles gambiae third-instar larvae, permethrin combined with verapamil treatment increased the knockdown rate 15-fold more than that of permethrin treatment alone. Wang et al 36 reported that an artificial diet with verapamil significantly increased the toxicity of sulfoxaflor by 8.55-fold in Aphis gossypii glover Sul-R population. These results were in accordance with those observed in our study because verapamil oral treatment followed by deltamethrin treatment increased mosquito knockdown rate in wildtype populations.…”

Functional Inquiry into ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Genes Contributing to Spirotetramat Resistance in Aphis gossypii Glover

“…The midgut is the first line of defense after the ingestion of toxic substances by insects, and it is one of the most vital detoxifying organs for larvae . Furthermore, the increased level of ABC transporter gene transcription is generally considered to be a common molecular mechanism by which insect pests defend against insecticides. , Fluorescence imaging showed that Texas Red appeared in the midgut tissue at 24 h post-injection (no fluorescence signal was observed in the midgut tissue at 0 h), indicating that part of the Texas Red injected into aphids was transported to the midgut tissue. Both the Texas Red fluorescence intensity of the whole body and midgut showed almost no fluorescence at 72 h post-injection, suggesting that the Texas Red transported to the midgut tissue was finally excreted out of the body (Figure ).…”

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the spotted alfalfa aphid Therioaphis trifolii

“…Detoxifying enzymes contribute considerably to the development of insecticide resistance in aphids. For example, the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae is able to generate resistance to sulfoxaflor via overexpression of many detoxification-related enzymes, including UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes 14 , and Aphis gossypii overcomes sulfoxaflor through the up-regulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter expression 15 . One practical and sustainable strategy to reduce insecticide applications is the cultivation of aphid-resistant plants 16 .…”