Overexpression of serum sST2 is associated with poor prognosis in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure

Gao, Shuai; Huan, Shu-Ling; Han, Li; Li, Feng; Ji, Xiang‐Fen; Li, Xin-You; Fan, Yu–Chen; Wang, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2014.10.012

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Recent studies have explored the contribution of the IL-33/ST2 axis to the pathology caused by HBV and HCV ( Lei et al, 2015 , Liang et al, 2013 , WANG et al, 2012a , Roth et al, 2010 , Gao et al, 2015 ) (Table-1). Roth et al first reported significantly elevated sST2 serum concentrations in patients with hepatic insufficiency due to various infectious and non-infectious causes ( Roth et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: The Il-33/st2 Axis In Viral Hepatitis: Creating Damage By Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamic Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in Chronic Viral-infections: Alarming and Adjuvanting the Immune Response

2016

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Interleukin 33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 family, is constitutively expressed in epithelial and in endothelial cells at barrier sites, acting as a danger signal and adjuvanting the immune response following tissue damage and infection. Originally implicated in allergy, IL-33 is also known to be involved in innate and adaptive immune responses by enhancing natural killer, Th1, and CD4 and CD8 T-cell functions. The nature of the antiviral immune response orchestrated by IL-33 depends on the site of infection, the duration of the disease and the cytokine milieu. In this review, we focus on the distinctive contribution of IL-33 as an anti-infective and proinflammatory cytokine in response to cell death and viral infections. The dynamic role of IL-33 in the acute and chronic phases of infection with HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses, and with CMV is highlighted. This review will also discuss the potential immunotherapeutic and adjuvant roles of IL-33.Search Strategy and Selection CriteriaEnglish language, indexed publications in PubMed were searched using combinations of following key words: “interleukin-33”, “IL-33”, “suppression of tumorigenicity 2”, ST2”, “sST2”, “HIV”, “HBV”, “HCV”, “CMV”, “HPV”, “immunotherapy” and “vaccine”. Except for seminal studies, only articles published between 2010 and 2016 were included.

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Section: The Il-33/st2 Axis In Viral Hepatitis: Creating Damage By Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamic Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in Chronic Viral-infections: Alarming and Adjuvanting the Immune Response

2016

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“…With a nearly undetectable level in normal conditions, sST2 has been proposed as a useful biomarker due to its correlation with severity of DRESS. It has been demonstrated that sST2 is elevated in the sera of various liver diseases, which may be a mechanism to downregulate inflammation (Gao et al, 2015;Huan et al, 2016). Our data showed that DRESS patients had the highest baseline levels of serum sST2 and the dynamic changes were significantly correlated with alanine aminotransferase, suggesting that serum sST2 level reflects the severity of liver involvement in DRESS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…Soluble ST2 (sST2) serves as a decoy receptor by sequestering IL-33 and preventing its signaling through ST2L (Arshad et al, 2016;Pascual-Figal and Januzzi, 2015). Serum sST2 has also been identified as a biomarker, and its levels are related to the severity of numerous chronic inflammatory diseases, such as chronic heart failure (Piper et al, 2015), chronic hepatitis diseases (Gao et al, 2015), autoimmune diseases (Diaz-Jimenez et al, 2016;Hong et al, 2011;Jung et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2013;Mok et al, 2010), allergic asthma (Hayakawa et al, 2007), and atopic dermatitis (Savinko et al, 2012). However, sST2 behavior during the clinical course and response to steroid therapy has not been investigated in patients with DRESS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Patients with Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome

Tsai

Liou

Hung³

et al. 2019

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a life-threatening disorder with an estimated mortality rate of 2%. Recently, type II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been implicated as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of allergic disorders. However, the roles of ILC2s and ILC2associated cytokines in DRESS remain unclear. Herein, we enrolled 54 participants (including 24 patients with DRESS syndrome and 30 healthy controls), and identified the increased ST2 þ ILC2s population in skin lesions/blood. In addition, serum soluble ST2 (sST2), IL-5, and TSLP levels were significantly elevated at the acute stage of patients with DRESS. Decreased ILC2s population, serum sST2, and IL-5, accompanied with rash, eosinophilia, and alanine aminotransferase improvement were observed after steroid treatment. In the delayed-responders group (n ¼ 13), serum IL-33, sST2, IL-5, and TSLP levels were significantly increased at the acute phase, but only sST2 levels correlated with alanine aminotransferase and eosinophil improvement at the 4-week follow-up visit. Serum sST2 levels were also correlated with IL-33 (r ¼ 0.49; P ¼ 0.02) and alanine aminotransferase levels (r ¼ 0.65; P < 0.01) at the onset of DRESS. Our results demonstrated high IL-33/ST2 expression in ILC2 cells plays a role in skin inflammation of drug hypersensitivity, and serum sST2 levels can be as a potential biomarker to predict liver involvement in patients with DRESS syndrome.

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“…However, sST2, a soluble, truncated form of ST2L, is secreted into the circulation and is believed to function as a decoy receptor for IL-33, inhibiting the effects of IL-33/ST2 signaling, and reducing its various activities, including cardioprotective effects [13]. Serum levels of sST2 are significantly increased in inflammatory diseases, cancer, liver, and cardiac diseases [6,[14][15][16].…”

Section: Subgroup Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated levels of soluble ST2 but not galectin-3 are associated with increased risk of mortality in hemodialysis patients

Kim

et al. 2021

Kidney Res Clin Pract

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Background: The soluble forms of suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (ST2) and galectin-3 have been proposed as novel biomarkers for cardiac fibrosis and heart failure, as well as predictors of cardiovascular events and mortality. However, there are limited data on the association between soluble ST2 and galectin-3 and clinical outcomes in patients with kidney failure on replacement therapy. To determine this, we examined the associations between soluble ST2 and galectin-3 and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in patients on hemodialysis. Methods: This study included maintenance hemodialysis patients (over 18 years old) who consented to preserve their serum in the Biobank at our institution between March 2014 and March 2015. We used Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to evaluate the associations between soluble ST2, galectin-3 levels, and clinical outcomes. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, the secondary outcome was cardiovascular disease, and patients were followed for both outcomes until March 2018. Results: A total of 296 patients were analyzed in this study. The mean age was 57 ± 13 years, and 53.0% were male. Serum concentration of soluble ST2 was significantly associated with higher mortality, after adjustment for confounding factors, but was not associated with cardiovascular disease. Serum galectin-3 level was not independently associated with either outcome after adjustment. Conclusion: Elevated soluble ST2 is independently associated with an increased risk of mortality, but not with cardiovascular disease, in patients on hemodialysis. Elevated galectin-3 was not associated with mortality or cardiovascular disease.

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Overexpression of serum sST2 is associated with poor prognosis in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

The Dynamic Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in Chronic Viral-infections: Alarming and Adjuvanting the Immune Response

The Dynamic Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in Chronic Viral-infections: Alarming and Adjuvanting the Immune Response

Increased Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Patients with Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome

Elevated levels of soluble ST2 but not galectin-3 are associated with increased risk of mortality in hemodialysis patients

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