Overexpression of theYAP1,PDE2, andSTB3genes enhances the tolerance of yeast to oxidative stress induced by 7-chlorotetrazolo[5,1-c]benzo[1,2,4]triazine

Abstract

7‐chlorotetrazolo[5,1‐c]benzo[1,2,4]triazine (CTBT) is an antifungal agent that induces oxidative stress and enhances the activity of other antifungals with different modes of action. A genome‐wide screening of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomic library in the high‐copy‐number plasmid revealed three genes, YAP1, PDE2, and STB3, which increased the CTBT tolerance of the parental strain. The YAP1 gene is known to activate many genes in response to oxidants. The PDE2 and STB3 genes encode the high‐affinity cAMP phosphodiesterase and the transcription factor recognizing the ribosomal RNA processing element in promoter sequences, respectively. The protective effects of their overexpression against CTBT toxicity was observed in the absence of certain proteins involved in stress responses, cell wall integrity signaling, and chromatin remodeling. The enhanced CTBT tolerance of the YAP1, PDE2, and STB3 transformants was a consequence of their high antioxidant enzyme activities at the beginning of CTBT treatment in comparison with that of the parental strain, for that they inactivated the CTBT‐induced reactive oxygen species. These results point to the complex interplay among the oxidant sensing, cAMP‐protein kinase A signaling, and transcription reprogramming of yeast cells, leading to their better adaptation to the stress imposed by CTBT.

Antimicrobial Activity of Different Artemisia Essential Oil Formulations

“…Our data suggest an effective microbial killing activity of AEP on selected bacteria and fungi. Previous studies believe that the killing action of the essential oils happens due to the leakage in the cells' cytoplasmic membrane and induction of oxidative stress [38][39][40][41]. We have introduced several staining methods to visualize and to understand the mechanism of action of the AEP, AET and AEE.…”

Comprehensive analysis of forty yeast microarray datasets reveals a novel subset of genes (APha-RiB) consistently negatively associated with ribosome biogenesis

“…glucose) or the presence of some stress conditions, and then they regulate RRB and stress response modules of genes. Although we use the general terms “growth conditions” and “generic stress conditions” instead of more specific terms such as “glucose abundance”, “oxidative stress”, most of the previously discovered links of regulation were in the context of one or few growth conditions such as the presence of glucose [ 14 , 61 , 62 ], ammonium [ 14 ], or other specific nutrients, or to types of stress such as oxidative stress [ 63 ] or methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) DNA-damage stress [ 64 ]. However, using such general terms here reflects the comprehensive nature of the data analysed by the Bi-CoPaM approach as we have been able to consider and analyse a wide range of different growth and stress conditions in a comprehensive and systematic way.…”

“…Although not identified by the TOMTOM tool as a potential binding transcription factor, its binding motif TGAAAA largely overlaps with the part of the motif C2-1 (Figure 5 ). Moreover, Stb3p overexpression was shown to increase resistance to oxidative stress [ 63 ] and to result in down-regulation of ribosome biogenesis genes [ 61 , 62 , 72 ], and Liko and colleagues also predicted that Stb3p would be expected to regulate transcription of other unknown sets of genes positively [ 61 , 62 ].…”

Overview of yeast environmental stress response pathways and the development of tolerant yeasts

“…When Yap1 gene was knockout, cells failed to survive under oxidative stress [96]. Overexpression of Yap1 enhances the resistance of yeast cells to diverse toxic compounds [97]. Moreover, overexpression of Yap1 enhanced resistance to lignocellulose-derived fermentation inhibitors in S. cerevisiae [98].…”