Overhang Effect on Reducing Wind-driven Rain for a Mid-rise Building

Chiu, Vincent; Ge, Hua; Stathopoulos, T.

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.252

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Wind-driven rain measurements were carried out on a six-story mid-rise building located in a suburban area in Vancouver, BC, Canada, and the results were published in Chiu's thesis [6]. The field measurement data are used for validation in this study.…”

Section: Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of wind-driven rain (WDR) on buildings in an urban area: comparison of different CFD frameworks

Gholamalipour,

Ge,

Stathopoulos

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The study of Wind-Driven Rain (WDR) loading on building facades is essential to design more sustainable and climate-resilient buildings, as well as to prevent further damage to old and historical buildings. Both WDR loading on buildings and façade responses to impinging raindrops have been studied previously but results for such a multi-parameter problem are not generally conclusive. Thus, the relevant provisions of ISO semi-empirical model cannot be applied with confidence for complex building configurations, such as those in urban areas since the WDR prediction can be more than twice that of the experimental data. In this paper, the Eulerian Multiphase (ME) technique is coupled with the RANS model to simulate the WDR loading on a six-story building under steady rainfall event conditions. Wind and WDR results are compared with the available wind-tunnel and on-site field measurement results, respectively. The field measurements were carried out on a six-story mid-rise residential building, located in Vancouver, Canada. The results show that the Euler-Euler framework (RANS-EM) predicts wind and WDR in such an urban area configuration more rapidly and accurately compared to the more traditional Euler-Lagrange framework (RANS-LPT) for both stand-alone and urban area configurations.

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Section: Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of wind-driven rain (WDR) on buildings in an urban area: comparison of different CFD frameworks

Gholamalipour,

Ge,

Stathopoulos

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…For a given time, the velocity and position of discrete phase particles at the corresponding time are obtained by solving Eqs. ( 11 ) and ( 12 ).…”

Section: Discrete Phase Unsteady Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1980s, people began to pay attention to the impact of rainfall on objects. Initially, this was mainly reflected in construction and aviation [7][8][9][10][11]. It is a typical multiphase flow problem when high-speed train travel in rainfall environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of water film distribution and aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed train under rainfall environment

Maruyama

Liu³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In the rainfall environment, the water film is formed on the body surface of the high-speed train when raindrops impact the train. The water film interacts with the flow field around the train, thereby affects the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-speed train. In this paper, based on SST k-w turbulence model and Euler-Lagrange discrete phase model, the aerodynamic calculation model of high-speed train under rainfall environment is established, and LWF (Lagrangian wall film) is used to simulate the water film distribution and flow characteristics of train. Then the water film distribution and aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed train surface under different rainfall intensities were studied. The calculation results show that raindrops gather on the train surface to form water film under rainfall environment, and with the increase of rainfall time, the thickness and coverage range of water film expand, and the maximum thickness of water film can reach 4.95 mm. The average water film thickness of the train surface increases with rainfall intensity, which increases 3.26 times from 100mm/h to 500mm/h. The velocity of water film in the streamlined area of head car is larger, and the maximum velocity is 22.14m/s. The skin friction coefficient of high-speed train surface increases under rainfall condition. Compared with no rainfall condition, the average skin friction coefficient of train surface increases by 10.74% under rainfall intensity of 500mm/h. The head car positive pressure increases with the increase of rainfall intensity; with the increase of rainfall intensity, the drag coefficient of the head car increases.

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“…Quantifying the amount of precipitation is important to provide a basis for future designrecommendations of moisture robust eave solutions. The design of roofs and eaves (roof overhangs) and how they influence the quantity of WDR impinging on building facades are studied in several publications (Hersels 1996, Ge and Krpan 2009, Chiu, Ge et al 2015. However, there is a need to obtain further and more fundamental knowledge on the performance and durability of commonly used solutions, especially through experimental studies (Fasana andNelva 2011, Boardman andGlass 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture robustness of eaves solutions for ventilated roofs: Experimental studies

Grynning

Asphaug

Gullbrekken

et al. 2019

Science and Technology for the Built Environment

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Ventilated pitched wooden roofs with eaves (roof overhangs) is a common building practice in the Scandinavian countries. The eaves are protecting the façade from rain, wind driven rain (WDR) and snow, and it covers the roof ventilation aperture. The eaves should be designed so that the least possible amounts of rainwater and snow enters the ventilation aperture between the roof cladding-and underlayer roofing. At the same time, adequate ventilation of the roof must be ensured to promote proper drying-out capabilities of the roof and to avoid problems of snow melt and ice formation at eaves and gutters during winter season. Small or almost nonexisting eaves is a trend in modern architecture. It is a common perception that such solutions are more vulnerable to moisture damages due to possible increase of water penetration into the roof aperture. The aim of the study is to experimentally investigate the moisture robustness of the described risk area and to find answers to how the design of eaves influence the amount of rain that is driven on to the underlayer roofing under the aperture in ventilated roofs. It was found that the amount of collected water in the different test series to a large extent are given by the water droplet size as well as the wind velocity inside the air cavity. The results from this study simulates an example of a rain event with heavy rain intensity and strong winds (storm). The test represents an example of a storm event with a given droplet size distribution. The results indicate that an increased pressure drop decreases the water ingress. Comparative tests showed that installation of a wire mesh largely decreases the measured water collection and the dynamic pressures inside the air cavity.

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Overhang Effect on Reducing Wind-driven Rain for a Mid-rise Building

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Assessment of wind-driven rain (WDR) on buildings in an urban area: comparison of different CFD frameworks

Assessment of wind-driven rain (WDR) on buildings in an urban area: comparison of different CFD frameworks

Analysis of water film distribution and aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed train under rainfall environment

Moisture robustness of eaves solutions for ventilated roofs: Experimental studies

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