Overlooked and Understudied: Health Consequences of Weight Stigma in Men

Himmelstein, Mary S.; Puhl, Rebecca M.; Quinn, Diane M.

doi:10.1002/oby.22599

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…17,18 The fat mass is a causal risk factor for depression 19 in both women and men with obesity, but the nonphysical consequences of obesity in the men could sometimes be ignored. 20 The results of our study support that persons with obesity have the idea that they have impaired performance in life that results in high rates of depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Impact of Obesity on Sexual Functions and Dyadic Consensus in Patients with Obesity

Bağ

Akbaş

2020

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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Background: Obesity is a chronic disease with several co-morbidities that increase morbidity and mortality and decrease quality of life. Psychopathologies are an important group of co-morbidities. In this study, it was aimed to search for the presence of depression and sexual dysfunction in patients with obesity, examine impact of obesity on marital adjustment, and highlight those important problems that are usually overlooked. Methods: Fifty patients who were seen in the obesity outpatient clinic in a random month as case group and gender-matched 50 healthy individuals as control group were included in the study. The inclusion criteria were body mass index (BMI) ‡30 kg/m 2 and having a sexual partner. The exclusion criteria were having psychiatric/ mental or any other chronic illness, using medication that would affect sexual functions, and alcohol/substance abuse. After recording the sociodemographic data, patients were asked to take three internationally validated questionnaires: The Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Fifty patients with obesity as case group and 50 normal weight healthy persons as control group were included in the study. BMI and BDI score were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group. DAS score was lower in the case group for consensus and affectional expression than the control group but there was no difference for satisfaction, cohesion, or total score between the groups. ASEX score was higher in the case group than in the control group. Conclusion: Patients with obesity have dyadic consensus problems with their partners. Their excessive weight causes distress and difficulty in expressing their feelings and usually results in marital problems and depression. Evaluation of the patient with a multidisciplinary approach in obesity centers will allow patients to be analyzed in every aspect of obesity including these issues and contribute to the success of the treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Impact of Obesity on Sexual Functions and Dyadic Consensus in Patients with Obesity

Bağ

Akbaş

2020

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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“…Moreover, weight-related stigma is associated with increased weight and waist circumference ( 13 , 29 ) and increased risk of becoming overweight ( 29 ). This might be due to a higher consumption of food, a confirmed association between weight-related stigma and binge eating ( 30 ), and decreased motivation for physical activity ( 31 ). The latter may be explained by the fact that people with obesity tend to avoid places in which weight-related stigma occurs ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsibility of Individuals and Stakeholders for Obesity and a Healthy Diet: Results From a German Survey

et al. 2020

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Introduction Overweight and obesity are thought to be mainly caused by an energy-rich diet and a sedentary lifestyle. The opinions of those with and without obesity about an individual´s and stakeholder´s responsibility for overweight and obesity as well as a healthy diet is rather unclear. Therefore, a survey was conducted to assess the thoughts of persons with and without obesity about the responsibilities for a high body weight and healthy diet. Methods This telephone-based survey was conducted in Germany. Landline and mobile phone users older than 17 years were quota sampled to represent the German population (n=1,003). Additionally, 354 adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m 2 were included in the survey population. Questions on weight management, eating and drinking and anthropometry were asked. Furthermore, the opinions of participants on the responsibility of individuals and stakeholders for obesity and a healthy diet were collected. Data was statistically weighted by age, gender, education, domicile, and BMI. Results Data of 1,357 persons (51.1% female, age: 50.5 ± 18.5 years, 15.9% with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) were analyzed. Participants responded that the general causes of a high body weight were low physical activity (82.7%) and excessive caloric intake (80.5%) followed by a lack of will power (72.1%). Almost 90% of the survey population reported that each individual is responsible for his/her own healthy diet. More than 85% of the survey population agreed that a healthy diet in kindergarten and nutrition education at schools should be the preferred approaches when politics take care of a person´s healthy diet. Sub-analyses revealed that BMI, sex, age, and education are potential confounders. Conclusion This German survey showed that the majority of participants indicated that the responsibility for a healthy diet lies with the individual and high body weight is caused by self-controlled attitudes. These results suggest that the survey population underestimates societal and environmental factors that contribute to the development of obesity, which could lead to attitudes that facilitate weight-related stigmatization. Furthermore, survey participants indicated that they would support policy-driven measures that promote a healthy diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, although weight discrimination tends to be more prevalent among women, 2,4,37 the sample included a relatively small proportion of male participants. As research has documented the negative effects of weight discrimination for men's health, 55 it is important that men are well represented in future research. Finally, although findings may have implications for the downstream effects of weight stigma, such long‐term outcomes were not examined in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of psychological attribution in responses to weight stigma

Gerend

Sutin

Terracciano

et al. 2020

Obesity Science & Practice

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Objective: Weight discrimination is associated with numerous negative health consequences. Little is known about early-stage psychological mechanisms that explain variability in responses to weight discrimination among people with obesity. This study tested the hypothesis that attributing negative social evaluation to one's weight would be associated with stigma-related stress responses (eg, reduced cognitive functioning and self-esteem, increased negative affect and cortisol), especially among people who had experienced frequent weight discrimination in the past. Methods: Adults (N = 109) with obesity were randomly assigned to receive a mildly positive (control) versus negative social evaluation. The extent to which participants attributed the negative evaluation to their physical appearance was assessed, along with negative affect, social and appearance self-esteem, cognitive functioning and salivary cortisol. Results: Participants who had experienced frequent weight discrimination in the past were more likely to attribute the negative evaluation to their appearance. Participants who attributed the negative evaluation to their appearance in turn experienced elevated negative affect, lower appearance self-esteem and worse cognitive functioning. Conclusions: This study is among the first to identify attribution as an early-stage process underlying responses to weight stigma. Attribution may be a key psychological factor conferring risk for or protection from the negative effects of weight stigma.

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Overlooked and Understudied: Health Consequences of Weight Stigma in Men

Cited by 42 publications

References 43 publications

The Impact of Obesity on Sexual Functions and Dyadic Consensus in Patients with Obesity

The Impact of Obesity on Sexual Functions and Dyadic Consensus in Patients with Obesity

Responsibility of Individuals and Stakeholders for Obesity and a Healthy Diet: Results From a German Survey

The role of psychological attribution in responses to weight stigma

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