Overpopulation and Sustainable Waste Management

Farraji, Hossein; Zaman, Nastaein Qamaruz; Vakili, Mohammadtaghi; Faraji, Hamed

doi:10.4018/ijsem.2016070102

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Higher pollutant concentrations may also constrain efficiency: the net change may be the same, but if the concentrations of pollutants are higher in the FTW inflow, the percentage of reduction would be lower. Finally, in our study, FTW size and inflow were constant; further research would be beneficial to assess whether and how FTWs could scale up in size to treat higher inflow volumes or higher concentrations of pollutants [65,66]. Any inability, loss, or unknown reaction may deviate as a contributing factor to plant species, and it may also produce increased disadvantages of phytoremediation.…”

Section: Current Problems and Prospects Of Using Plants For Wastewate...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multicontaminant interactions, adaptation of plant species to climate change and pollution in urban environments, and genetic traits and specifications of plant species classify them into groups such as "indicators", "low tolerance", "high tolerance", and "hyperaccumulator". Hyperaccumulator plant species often serve as an extractor of rare metals [65]. These are all important topics for further research on FTWs in developing countries.…”

Section: Current Problems and Prospects Of Using Plants For Wastewate...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of Industrial Wastewater in a Floating Treatment Wetland: A Case Study of Sialkot Tannery

Younas¹,

Kumar

Deitch

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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The city of Sialkot in Pakistan is a hub of leather tanneries, with approximately 260 tanneries in operation and, while producing millions of leather products per day, the city discharges millions of gallons of untreated effluent into drains each day. In order to devise a cost-effective system for the treatment of tannery wastewater, a floating treatment wetland (FTW) was established to treat the effluent using local plant species through phytoremediation. The efficiency of the FTW was tested with three different plant species, each grown separately and operating for three months in the FTW tank. Two of the plant species introduced, water hyacinth and water lettuce, were floating and vascular; the third plant species Typha latifolia was vegetated on a floating mat of styrofoam while the roots extended down to the contaminated water. Wastewater from a tannery drain was pumped into the FTW tank with a flow of 0.5 L per minute and was given a retention time of six days. The influent and effluent from the FTW were periodically tested to determine the percentage removal of contaminants, primarily the total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and chromium. After two months with each species, a significant change in the quality of wastewater was measured: chromium was removed by up to 95 percent by the water hyacinth and water lettuce and 33 percent by the Typha latifolia. The pilot model indicates that FTWs are an effective system to treat effluent from tanneries in a cost-effective way as an alternative to establishing an expensive treatment system with high associated operational costs. It can help in achieving the circular economy concept of conventional wastewater schemes towards more sustainable ones. Moreover, to achieve the principles of circular economy and environmentally friendly development, it is crucial that the substances used for a wetland foundation have the capacity to be recycled, are available at a cheap price, and are locally available.

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Section: Current Problems and Prospects Of Using Plants For Wastewate...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Problems and Prospects Of Using Plants For Wastewate...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Industrial Wastewater in a Floating Treatment Wetland: A Case Study of Sialkot Tannery

Younas¹,

Kumar

Deitch

et al. 2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…En la Tabla 3 se presenta el costo general promedio asociado al tratamiento de fitorremediación en contraste con el de algunos tratamientos fisicoquímicos, sin considerar otros gastos adicionales como monitoreo, enmiendas, tratamiento de residuos, etc. (Farraji et al, 2016;FRTR, 2020;Reddy et al, 2020). La fitorremediación puede resultar un proceso lento y propenso a ciclos de ensayo y error, generalmente involucrando especies de plantas nativas de baja productividad.…”

Section: Fitorremediaciónunclassified

Fitorremediación de suelo contaminado con cromo hexavalente empleando las especies Portulacaria afra y Cynodon dactylon

Reyes Lomelí

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This research work presents a feasible biotechnological proposal to address a priority environmental problem such as soil contamination by hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), which is highly toxic. Phytoremediation is a treatment that provides the opportunity to identify plant species that are capable of remediating soils and is based on an economical and passive technology driven by solar energy, in contrast to traditional physicochemical treatments, which are expensive, alter soil properties and promote secondary contamination. The phytoremediation capacity of Cr(VI) of a contaminated industrial soil was evaluated using the plant species Portulacaria afra (P. afra) and Cynodon dactylon (C.dactylon) during 192 days of treatment. The initial concentration of total Cr in the soil was 5782.06 ± 258.3 mg/kg (2683.01 ± 38.2 mg/kg Cr(VI)). Chromium concentration in roots and shoots was monitored from total Cr. Bioconcentration (BCF) and translocation factors (TF) were calculated with final concentrations of Cr: 0.87 and 0.02 for P. afra; 1.66 and 0.01 for C. dactylon. Both species accumulated Cr mainly in the roots, thus, they are suitable for phytostabilization processes. The maximum phytoremediation capacity of Cr(VI) was observed in C. dactylon with a removal efficiency of 98.41%, obtaining a similar value with P. afra (98.12%). Using P. afra, the treatment was driven by the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and with C. dactylon, by simultaneous reduction and root absorption. The participation of two strains of indigenous microorganisms from the contaminated soil in the reduction of Cr(VI) was evidenced. The isolates were identified as Bacillus sp. And Aspergillus sp. And were inoculated in reactors at different Cr(VI) concentrations (50, 100 and 200 ppm). The highest reduction rates were observed with the Aspergillus sp. strain, obtaining 99.96% (50 ppm), 97.28% (100 ppm) and 54.39% (200 ppm) at the end of the experiment. The reduction rates using the Bacillus sp. strain were lower: 44.75% (50 ppm), 26.89% (100 ppm) and 27.79% (200 ppm). The Cr(VI) concentration in the soil at the end of treatment using both plant species was lower than the limits established by Mexican regulations for agricultural, domestic, commercial and industrial soils. This study represents a great contribution to the application of phytoremediation in contaminated soils with Cr(VI) by increasing its scope and complementing the catalog of species used for restoration purposes.

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