Overpotential controls a morphology of electrolytically produced copper dendritic forms

Nikolić, Nebojša D.; Živković, Predrag; Pavlović, Marko; Baščarević, Zvezdana

doi:10.2298/jsc190522066n

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The common characteristic for all these dependencies is the increase in the current density after certain electrodeposition time, with a tendency to shorten this time with the increase of the cathodic potential applied. The increase in the current density after a certain time of electrodeposition is a clear indicator of the formation and growth of dendrites at these cathodic potentials [38]. In the potentiostatic regime of electrodeposition, the current density rises with the electrodeposition time because the real current density remains constant, while the electrode surface area increases with time [39].…”

Section: Polarization Characteristics Of Sn Electrodeposition Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Structure of Electrolytically Synthesized Tin Dendritic Nanostructures

Nikolic

Lović

Maksimović

et al. 2022

Metals

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The formation of tin dendritic nanostructures by electrolysis from the alkaline electrolyte has been investigated. Morphology and structure of Sn dendrites produced applying both potentiostatic and galvanostatic regimes of the electrolysis are characterized by SEM and XRD, respectively. Depending on the applied cathodic potentials, three types of Sn dendrites were obtained: (a) needle-like and spear-like, (b) fern-like, and (c) stem-like dendrites. The very branchy dendrites with branches of the prismatic shape obtained by the galvanostatic regime of electrolysis represented a novel type of Sn dendrites, not previously reported in the literature. To explain the formation of various dendritic forms, correlation with the polarization characteristics for this electrodeposition system is considered. The needle-like and the spear-like dendrites represented monocrystals of (200),(400) preferred orientation, the fern-like dendrites exhibited the predominant (220),(440) preferred orientation, while in the stem-like particles Sn crystallites were oriented to a greater extent in the (440) crystal plane than in other planes. The galvanostatically synthesized Sn particles possessed the strong (200),(400) preferred orientation. The strong influence of parameters and regimes of electrodeposition on structural characteristics of Sn dendrites is explained by the fundamental laws of electrocrystallization taking into consideration the concept of slow-growing and fast-growing crystal planes.

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Section: Polarization Characteristics Of Sn Electrodeposition Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Structure of Electrolytically Synthesized Tin Dendritic Nanostructures

Nikolic

Lović

Maksimović

et al. 2022

Metals

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“…In the potentiostatic mode of Cu electrodeposition, globules are formed at both the end of the mixed activation-diffusion control and at the beginning of the full diffusion control. The final overpotential corresponding to the formation of the 3D dendrites shown in Figure 10g-i is about 275 mV, and this overpotential corresponded to the end of the mixed activation-diffusion control [51].…”

Section: Correlation Between Morphology and Crystal Structure Of The Powder Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without additives, the globules as a constitutive element of the 3D dendrites can be only obtained galvanostatically under the controlled conditions of electrolysis. They are obtained by the completion of the electrolysis process at the overpotential corresponding to a formation of globules in the potentiostatic mode of electrolysis [51]. In a galvanostatic regime of electrolysis, overpotential decreases with electrolysis time due to an increase in the electrode surface area which then causes a decrease in the real current density.…”

Section: Correlation Between Morphology and Crystal Structure Of The Powder Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Morphology and Crystal Structure of Metal Powders Produced by Electrolysis Processes

Nikolić

Maksimović

Avramović

2021

Metals

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In this review paper, morphologies of metal powders produced by the constant (potentiostatic and galvanostatic) regimes of electrolysis from aqueous electrolytes are correlated with their crystal structure at the semiquantitative level. The main parameters affecting the shape of powder particles are the exchange current density (rate of electrochemical process) and overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction. Depending on them, various shapes of dendrites (the needles, the two-dimensional (2D) fern-like, and the three-dimensional (3D) pine-like dendrites), and the particles formed under vigorous hydrogen evolution (cauliflower-like and spongy-like particles) are produced by these regimes of electrolysis. By decreasing the exchange current density value, the crystal structure of the powder particles is changed from the strong (111) preferred orientation obtained for the needle-like (silver) and the 2D (lead) dendrites to the randomly orientated crystallites in particles with the spherical morphology (the 3D dendrites and the cauliflower-like and the spongy-like particles). The formation of metal powders by molten salt electrolysis and by electrolysis in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and the crystallographic aspects of dendritic growth are also mentioned in this review.

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“…2a). 9 The inert metals For this group of metals, there is parallelism between metal electrodeposition and hydrogen evolution in the whole range of overpotentials and current densities. 2 The spongy-like particles (Fig.…”

Section: The Intemediate Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal powder electrolysis: The shape of powder particles as a function of the exchange current density and overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction

Nikolić

2020

JSCS

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The short survey of the dependence of the shape of electrolytically produced powder particles on the exchange current density for metal deposition and overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction is presented. The decrease of the exchange current density leads to a branching of dendrites and their transformation from needle-like and the two-dimensional (2D) fern-like to the three-dimensional (3D) pine-like shapes. Vigorous hydrogen evolution inhibits the dendritic growth leading to a formation of cauliflower-like and the spongylike particles. The very thin needles were obtained by molten salt electrolysis. Mechanisms responsible for the formation of both the dendritic (the general theory of disperse deposits formation) and the cauliflower-like and the spongylike particles (the concept of "effective overpotential") were also mentioned.

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Overpotential controls a morphology of electrolytically produced copper dendritic forms

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Morphology and Structure of Electrolytically Synthesized Tin Dendritic Nanostructures

Morphology and Structure of Electrolytically Synthesized Tin Dendritic Nanostructures

Correlation of Morphology and Crystal Structure of Metal Powders Produced by Electrolysis Processes

Metal powder electrolysis: The shape of powder particles as a function of the exchange current density and overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction

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