Overview and early results of the Global Lightning and Sprite Measurements mission

Sato, Mitsuteru; Ushio, Tomoo; Morimoto, Takeshi; Kikuchi, Masayuki; Kikuchi, Hiroshi; Adachi, Toru; Suzuki, Makoto; Yamazaki, Atsushi; Takahashi, Yukihiro; Inan, U. S.; Linscott, I. R.; Ishida, Ryôhei; Sakamoto, Yuji; Yoshida, Kazuya; Hobara, Yasuhide; Sano, Takeshi; Abe, Takumi; Nakamura, Masato; Oda, Hiroyuki; Kawasaki, Zen‐Ichiro

doi:10.1002/2014jd022428

Cited by 40 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…These observations (e.g., Fig. 5), and those from a related instrument (Global Lightning and Sprite Measurements on Japanese Experiment Modules JEM-GLIMS on the International Space Station, e.g., Sato et al 2015), have given us simultaneous views of different phenomena associated with discharges, phenomena which have only been studied separately at Venus. There is also a powerful synergy between the ground-based networks and spacecraft sensors since they can perform intercalibrations to assess detection thresholds and efficiencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning detection on Venus: a critical review

Lorenz

2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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Claimed detections and nondetections of lightning and related electromagnetic emissions on Venus are qualitatively contradictory. Here, motivated by the commencement of observations by the Akatsuki spacecraft and by studies of future missions, we critically review spacecraft and ground-based observations of the past 40 years, in an attempt to reconcile the discordant reports with a minimal number of assumptions. These include invoking alternative interpretations of individual reports, guided by sensitivity thresholds, controls, and other objective benchmarks of observation integrity. The most compelling evidence is in fact the first, the very low frequency (VLF) radio emissions recorded beneath the clouds by all four of the Veneras 11-13 landers, and those data are re-examined closely, finding power-law amplitude characteristics and substantial differences between the different profiles. It is concluded that some kind of frequent electrical activity is supported by the preponderance of observations, but optical emissions are not consistent with terrestrial levels of activity. Venus' activity may, like Earth's, have strong temporal and/or spatial variability, which coupled with the relatively short accumulated observation time for optical measurements, can lead to qualitative discrepancies between observation reports. We note a number of previously unconsidered observations and outline some considerations for future observations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning detection on Venus: a critical review

Lorenz

2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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“…For instance, another space missions with TLE research, JEM-GLIMS (Global Lightning and Sprite Measurements of Japanese Experiment Module), was also equipped with the same FUV detecting sensor (Sato et al 2015). As the JEM-GLIMS was nadir viewing rather than limb viewing like the ISUAL, the method for estimating the SP1 degradation rate presented in this paper would be difficult to carry out.…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

ISUAL Imager and far-ultraviolet spectrophotometer degradation

Chang

Hsu

et al. 2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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The Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning (ISUAL) has been operated for more than ten years. The onboard spectrophotometer channel-1 (SP1) was designed to detect the far-ultraviolet (FUV) emissions (N 2 Lyman-Birge-Hopfield band) from space. It was found that most of the transient luminous events (TLEs), such as sprites, halos, elves, and gigantic jets, are usually accompanied by FUV emissions. The FUV emission could be utilized as an indicator for searching TLEs because the FUV emission of lightning is severely attenuated in the atmosphere during propagation, although the TLE FUV emissions are still detectable. Furthermore, the elves FUV emission photon flux can also be used to estimate the parent lightning peak current. Therefore, SP1 sensitivity degradation assessment, which affects the observed intensity of FUV emissions, is important. Although ISUAL has a lightemitting diode (LED) which is preset as a standard light source, the emission wavelength range of the LED does not cover the FUV band. We established a method in this study to determine the ISUAL Imager and SP1 sensitivity degradation. We found that the annual degradation rates of the ISUAL Imager and the SP1 are 8.4 and 9.7%, respectively.

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“…Namely, the simultaneous EM and optical observations were triggered by the optical signal. The details of the observation sequence and trigger method are given in Sato et al (2015). All the dots in Fig.…”

Section: Global Lightning Observations Of Jem-glimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the early results of each sensor are reported in Sato et al (2015), this paper focuses on the EM payload of the JEM-GLIMS mission (i.e., VITF) and serves as an initial overview of its observational results after the termination of the mission. The VITF consists of a pair of VHF broadband antennas and electronics to record VHF EM waveforms from lightning discharges.…”

Section: Summary and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of VHF lightning observations by digital interferometry from ISS/JEM-GLIMS

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The Global Lightning and sprIte MeasurementS (GLIMS) mission has been conducted at the Exposed Facility of Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EF) of the International Space Station for more than 30 months. This paper focuses on an electromagnetic (EM) payload of JEM-GLIMS mission, the very high frequency (VHF) broadband digital InTerFerometer (VITF). The JEM-GLIMS mission is designed to conduct comprehensive observations with both EM and optical payloads for lightning activities and related transient luminous events. Its nominal operation continued from November 2012 to December 2014. The extended operation followed for eight months. Through the operation period, the VITF collected more than two million VHF EM waveforms in almost 18,700 datasets. The number of VITF observations synchronized with optical signal is 8049. Active VHF radiations are detected in about 70 % of optical observations without obvious regional or seasonal dependency. Estimations of the EM direction-of-arrival (DOA) are attempted using the broadband digital interferometry. Some results agree with the optical observations, even though DOA estimation is problematic because of a very short antenna baseline and multiple pulses over a short time period, namely burst-type EM waveforms. The world's first lightning observations by means of space-borne VHF interferometry are achieved in this mission. This paper summarizes VITF instruments, the recorded VHF EM signals, and the results of DOA estimations by means of digital interferometry as a preliminary report after termination of the mission.

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Overview and early results of the Global Lightning and Sprite Measurements mission

Cited by 40 publications

References 91 publications

Lightning detection on Venus: a critical review

Lightning detection on Venus: a critical review

ISUAL Imager and far-ultraviolet spectrophotometer degradation

An overview of VHF lightning observations by digital interferometry from ISS/JEM-GLIMS

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