Overview of Atypical Diabetes

Tamaroff, Jaclyn; Kilberg, Marissa J; Pinney, Sara E.; McCormack, Shana E.

doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2020.07.004

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…It seriously threatens human health. 108 At present, although the drugs for the treatment of diabetes can effectively control fasting blood glucose elevating, they cannot control the increase of postprandial blood glucose levels and have low bioavailability. In addition, long-term medication also leads to adverse gastrointestinalreactions, and causes liver and kidney damage.…”

Section: Antidiabetic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-term hyperglycemia of the body will cause cardiovascular, retinal, and nerve damage and lead to diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cardiovascular complications, and other complications. It seriously threatens human health . At present, although the drugs for the treatment of diabetes can effectively control fasting blood glucose elevating, they cannot control the increase of postprandial blood glucose levels and have low bioavailability.…”

Section: Bioactivities Of S Fusiformementioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactivities of the Popular Edible Brown Seaweed Sargassum fusiforme: A Review

Wang,

Huang,

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Sargassum fusiforme has a wide range of active constituents (such as polysaccharides, sterols, polyphenols, terpenes, amino acids, trace elements, etc.) and is an economically important brown algae with a long history. In recent years, S. fusiforme has been intensively studied and has attracted wide attention in the fields of agriculture, environment, medicine, and functional food. In this review, we reviewed the current research status of S. fusiforme at home and abroad over the past decade by searching Web of science, Google Scholar, and other databases, and structurally analyzed the active components of S. fusiforme, and on this basis, we focused on summarizing the cutting-edge research and scientific issues on the role of various active substances in S. fusiforme in exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antiviral antibacterial, and anticoagulant effects. The mechanisms by which different substances exert active effects were further summarized by exploring different experimental models and are shown visually. It provides a reference to promote further development and comprehensive utilization of S. fusiforme resources.

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Section: Antidiabetic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioactivities Of S Fusiformementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivities of the Popular Edible Brown Seaweed Sargassum fusiforme: A Review

Wang,

Huang,

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…There are dozens of types of diabetes caused by single gene mutations, including monogenic, neonatal and syndromeassociated diabetes (15)(16)(17)(103)(104)(105). Monogenic forms of diabetes are often caused by heterozygous coding mutations within genes that influence b-cell function [reviewed in (106)].…”

Section: Studying Known Causes Of Monogenic Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the underlying pathogenesis of monogenic diabetes results from intrinsic β-cell defects, the role of β-cell dysfunction in many syndrome-associated forms of diabetes, such as cystic fibrosis (CF)-related diabetes, is largely unknown ( 105 ). There is significant interest in these fields to generate syndrome-related iPSC lines for use in multiple areas, but this will ultimately aid in the study of rare causes of diabetes by providing accessible resource lines.…”

Section: The Role Of Candidate Gene and Gwas Approaches In The Study Of Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Editing Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Model β-Cell Disease and Unmask Novel Genetic Modifiers

2021

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A mechanistic understanding of the genetic basis of complex diseases such as diabetes mellitus remain elusive due in large part to the activity of genetic disease modifiers that impact the penetrance and/or presentation of disease phenotypes. In the face of such complexity, rare forms of diabetes that result from single-gene mutations (monogenic diabetes) can be used to model the contribution of individual genetic factors to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and the breakdown of glucose homeostasis. Here we review the contribution of protein coding and non-protein coding genetic disease modifiers to the pathogenesis of diabetes subtypes, as well as how recent technological advances in the generation, differentiation, and genome editing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) enable the development of cell-based disease models. Finally, we describe a disease modifier discovery platform that utilizes these technologies to identify novel genetic modifiers using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from patients with monogenic diabetes caused by heterozygous mutations.

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“…While the majority of diabetes can be classified as type 1 or type 2, there are numerous individuals with atypical forms of diabetes [ 1 ], for whom treatment approaches may be suboptimal [ 2 ]. The Rare and Atypical DIAbetes NeTwork (RADIANT) is a network of academic health centers across the United States that aims to discover and define rare and atypical forms of diabetes [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigator and participant expectations for returning non-genetic results: insights from the Rare and Atypical Diabetes Network (RADIANT) study

Noohi,

Sundaresan,

Naylor

et al. 2023

J. Clin. Trans. Sci.

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Objectives/Goals: The Rare and Atypical DIAbetes NeTwork (RADIANT) aims to discover the underlying pathoetiology of atypical diabetes by conducting both genotyping and non-genetic deep phenotyping. While the return of genetic test results in research settings has been investigated, the return of non-genetic results (RoR-NG) has received less attention. We explore the RoR-NG with RADIANT investigators and participants. Methods/Study Population: We conducted one-on-one interviews with 10 adult RADIANT participants and 10 RADIANT investigators. Participants also completed two health literacy screening tools and a survey on perspectives regarding return of results (RoR). Investigators completed one survey on experience and confidence in explaining clinical tests utilized in the RADIANT study and another survey on perspectives regarding RoR. Results: Most participants were non-Hispanic White. All participants had high scores on health literacy screens. Both RADIANT participants and investigators expressed strong support for RoR-NG. RADIANT participants and investigators acknowledged the different roles and responsibilities between research and clinical care for interpreting and acting on non-genetic results. However, the lines between clinical care and research in returning and acting on results were often blurred by both participants and investigators. Discussion/Significance: Our study provides important insight into how both investigators and participants simultaneously distinguish and blur clinical and research roles and responsibilities when discussing non-genetic research results and the return of these results. Further study should engage individuals from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds and with varying levels of health literacy to understand how best to support all participants when returning research results.

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Overview of Atypical Diabetes

Cited by 10 publications

References 155 publications

Bioactivities of the Popular Edible Brown Seaweed Sargassum fusiforme: A Review

Bioactivities of the Popular Edible Brown Seaweed Sargassum fusiforme: A Review

Genome Editing Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Model β-Cell Disease and Unmask Novel Genetic Modifiers

Investigator and participant expectations for returning non-genetic results: insights from the Rare and Atypical Diabetes Network (RADIANT) study

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