Overview of gastroesophageal junction cancers

Abstract

Oesophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) malignancy is the fastest growing cancer in the Western population. This together with the deadly nature of the disease has attracted increased attention from doctors and researchers alike. The increasing incidence has been primarily attributed to the increase in rates of obesity that in turn causes increased gastroesophageal reflux disease leading to Barrett's oesophagus and eventually adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus especially at the GEJ. We discuss the epidemiology, risk factors and the management of GEJ tumours. DEFINITIONThe definition of GEJ cancers has been an area of controversy and disagreement and have in the past been considered either a gastric or oesophageal cancer as they lie in between the two. GEJ tumours also DECLARATIONS Authors' contributionsOo AM and Ahmed S contributed equally to literature search and writing of manuscript.

Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy for Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: ASCO Guideline

“…2 The incidence of gastric cancer is higher in East Asia compared with other areas of the world 3 while cancer of the GEJ is the fastest growing site of cancer in Western populations. 4 The majority of esophageal cancers outside of the United States are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) while most gastric and GEJ tumors are adenocarcinoma (AC). 5…”

“…2 The incidence of gastric cancer is higher in East Asia compared with other areas of the world 3 while cancer of the GEJ is the fastest growing site of cancer in Western populations. 4 The majority of esophageal cancers outside of the United States are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) while most gastric and GEJ tumors are adenocarcinoma (AC). 5 Targeted cancer therapies inhibit tumor growth by blocking important chemical pathways or mutant proteins, whereas the goal of immunotherapy is to elicit a host immune response that results in destruction of the tumor.…”

The Latest Developments in the Area of Therapeutic Delivery Excluding Some Diseases, Such as COVID-19 and the Big Three (HIV/AID, Malaria and Tuberculosis)

“…Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer of the esophagus. The exact definition has been an area of controversy [ 8 ]. Gastroesophageal junction tumors includes distal esophageal cancers, proximal gastric cancers and cancers of cardia.…”

Clinicopathologic and survival differences between adenocarcinoma of the distal oesophagus and gastro‐oesophageal junction

“…Adenocarcinoma of the distal oesophagus (DO) and gastrooesophageal junction (GOJ) are among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, 1 representing over 90% of distal oesophageal and GOJ malignancy. 2 The Siewert classification anatomically categorizes GOJ tumours based on the location of their epicentre 2,3 (Fig. 1).…”