Overview of Geometric Ways to Increase the Constructions’ Specific Strength: Topological Optimization and Fractal Structures

The article is devoted to the annual All-Russian scientific and methodological conference "Problems of Engineering Geometry" and the annual All-Russian scientific and methodological seminar "Geometry and Graphics" in 2021. Statistical information about the conference and seminar is provided: the number of participants, universities, the number of cities and countries in which universities are located -participants. Using the expression proposed earlier, the activity of participation of the departments of graphic disciplines in the conference "Problems of Engineering Geometry" and the seminar "Geometry and Graphics", held in 2021, was determined. The comparison of the number of participants and reports of the conference and seminar in 2021 with the number of participants and reports is given and analyzed International Internet conferences "Quality of graphic training" at the Perm National Research Polytechnic University. The results of the All-Russian Seminars "Geometry and Graphics" and the All-Russian Conferences "Problems of Engineering Geometry" of the last two years are compared with each other. In order to compare conferences and seminars quantitatively, not qualitatively, a relationship has been proposed. The content of the reports of the participants of the conference and the seminar is briefly considered. Conclusions are drawn: 1) in 2021, in terms of the success of the seminar "Geometry and Graphics" and the conference "Problems of Engineering Geometry", we managed to move forward - the success rate increased; 2) judging by the number of reports, scientific work on the profile of the department is carried out in a small number of departments. This is due to shortcomings in the staffing of departments of graphic disciplines by teachers. One of them is a lack of understanding that the winners or participants of All-Russian and regional Olympiads who have undergone appropriate training should work as teachers.

All-Russian Scientific and Methodological Conference «Problems of Engineering Geometry» and the Seminar «Geometry and Graphics» 2021

Vyshnyepolskiy

Kadykova

Vereschagina

2022

Application of the Koch Curve to Increase the Strength of Aircraft Parts

Zhikharev

2023

Fractals are formed by iterative repetition of the construction algorithm at different scale levels. The use of such an algorithm, which increases the strength properties during the construction of the structure, will strengthen these properties with each iteration. The Koch curve principle is applied in the article. Replacing the compressible plate with four new ones connected at angles increases the stability of the structure. This article theoretically confirms the increase in the stability of the Koch plate both at the level of individual plates and at the level of fractal segments and the structure as a whole (general stability). Regularities of stability changes at different scale levels with an increase in the number of iterations are established. A comparison of variants of Koch plates with different similarity coefficients is also carried out. The theoretical results were confirmed using simulations in the CAE system Solid-Works - a finite element analysis of the stability of computer models of the Koch plates was carried out. The graphs constructed from the obtained data correspond to the theoretical predictions of the dependence of stability on the geometric parameters of the Koch plate. As an illustration of the applicability of this kind of fractal structures in the design of aircraft parts, a fractal modification of a typical part, the slat rail, has been developed. The proposed modification of the rail was also investigated using computer simulations. A comparison of the strength properties of a standard-shaped part and its analogue with a fractal structure included showed the advantage of the latter: with certain values of mass and loading scheme, the fractal modification showed twice as much stability. This reduces the weight of the standard slat rail by 5% without loss of strength properties.

All-Russian Student Competition "Innovative Developments"

Vyshnyepolskiy

Efremov

Kadykova

2023

The Department of Engineering Graphics of the RTU MIREA, has been holding the All-Russian Student Competition "Innovative Developments" as part of the All-Russian Student Olympiad in Descriptive Geometry, Engineering and Computer Graphics since 2008. This competition is a stage in the concept of a methodological system for the development of the student's intellectual abilities. The article describes the original system for evaluating works at the competition, the principle of forming the jury, the principles for selecting works for the competition. The goals of the competition were announced, namely: approbation and presentation of new ideas, including in the field of graphic disciplines; development of modern information technologies by students; development of cooperation between teams of university departments and production teams. The criteria for comparing past competitions with each other are described, the methodology for assessing the success of the competition, the success of competitions is analyzed by year. From 2008 to 2022 inclusive representatives of 24 universities presented 96 works for the competition. The article gives the titles, authors and scientific supervisors of the best projects - winners and prize-winners of competitions who scored 200 or more points, ranked by the points scored for the places taken by the students - participants in the competitions. The geography of participating universities is analyzed, universities are ranked by total achievements. There is a positive trend in the number of works submitted to the competition. It is noted that some works became the first step in serious scientific research, for example, “Spatial fractals” by L.A. Zhikharev, later became the topic of his dissertation, “Reflections from curvilinear mirrors in space and on a plane” by O.S. Suntsov are currently one of the registered areas of research at the department.