Overview of layer manufacturing technologies, opportunities, options and applications for rapid tooling

Abstract

The motivations applying to layer manufacturing emerging technologies in the product development cycle are considered. The interaction between virtual reality computer applications and physical manufacturing primarily rapid tooling is studied. This paper describes a holistic approach and optimization methodology in time and cost for injection moulded plastic parts, applicable for further tooling applications. Furthermore, some applications for die-casting and forming tools are cited. The bene®ts of optimization stages, cost, time and obtained ®nal results are discussed. The bene®t of using principally selective laser sintering with interactive modelling and simulation is demonstrated. Trends and concluding remarks round up the authors' reported experience and the state-of-the-art.

Electrical resistivity of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg for use in electric motors

“…Measurements were then averaged with the corresponding standard deviations determined. Electrical resistivity (ρ) measured in µΩ-cm was calculated by ρ=RA/L where R is the measured resistance in µΩ, A is the cross-sectional area of the sample measured in cm 2 , and L is the length of the sample in cm.…”

“…Additive manufacturing (AM) has been called many different names over the past 30 years. From Rapid Prototyping (RP) [1] and Rapid Tooling [2] to Rapid Manufacturing (RM) [1] and 3D Printing (3DP) [3]. It is creating opportunities to design parts that could not otherwise be easily made using traditional subtractive (e.g.…”

Applications of laser assisted metal rapid tooling process to manufacture of molding & forming tools — state of the art

“…1,16,81,[84][85][86] Research on the application of laser assisted metal rapid tooling process to the forming tool have been focused on a direct fabrication of sheet metal forming tools. 39,81,[83][84][85][86] As underscored the importance of the eco-friendly manufacturing process and tool recycling, new application area of the laser assisted metal rapid tooling process to the forming tools has been deduced in recent years. 8,9,11,38,79,87 …”

“…19. [3][4][5]8,9,16,35,39,79,[83][84][85][86][87] Kuzman et al have researched into the integrated approach for the production of the active deep drawing tool parts using the finite element method and the DMLS process. In this research, they have reported that new powder types and the suitable system technique, which can give higher mechanical properties and tool wear resistance, should be developed.…”

“…85 Several research has reported that the laser assisted metal rapid tooling processes is suitable for the manufacture of the sheet metal forming tools with small volume and quantity. 84,85 Demands on the reduction of energy consumption, resource consumption, lead time, and cost have created newly spotlighted applications of the laser assisted metal rapid tooling processes to the manufacture of the sheet metal forming tools. 8,9,11,36,79,87 POM Group Inc. and InssTek Inc. have introduced remanufacturing of sheet metal forming tools for the automobile using DMD and DMT processes, as shown in Fig.…”